Microencapsulação de óleo de palma por coacervação complexa em matrizes de gelatina/goma arábica e gelatina/alginato

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Marfil, Paulo Henrique Mariano [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Tecnologia de alimentos; Microencapsulação; Dende; Coacervação complexa; Biopolimeros; Gelatina; Alginato de sódio; Microencapsulation
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/122169

Microencapsulation of palm oil may be able to protect it and promote its controlled release. For optimization of the microencapsulation process, it is necessary to quantify accurately the palm oil present externally and internally to the microcapsules. A spectrophometric method was developed and validated to be used in the determination of the efficiency of microencapsulation process of palm oil. First, the extraction of extern palm oil through five successive washes with organic solvent was standardized. Next, the best method to accomplish the rupture of the microcapsules was investigated. Through successive extractions with hexane, it was possible to determine the amount of palm oil contained internally. Measurements were made in a spectrophotometer and the proposed method was shown to be low cost, fast and of easy implementation. In addition, the validation step allowed us to observe that the method is safe and reliable, since it proved to be specific, accurate, precise and robust. Formation of electrostatic complexes between gelatin and sodium alginate was investigated as a possible system to microencapsulate palm oil by complex coacervation. Gelatin and sodium alginate solutions were prepared (0.25% w/v) in different pH values (2.0, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, and 5.0) to zeta potential measurements. Turbidity (absorbance measurement at 590 nm) and morphology (light microscopy imaging) analyzes were carried out in blends of different gelatin:sodium alginate mixing ratios (0:1, 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1, and 1:0) keeping a fixed amount of total polymers (0.25% w/v). Gelatin:sodium alginate blends at biopolymer ratios 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, and 4:1 were also prepared with 2.5% (w/v) total polymers to rheological analysis. Homogenization of palm oil (2.5% w/v) in gelatin solution was performed at 15,000 rpm for 5 minutes and the coacervation pH was 3.5 ± 0.1. The obtained coacervates were decanted for 24 hours, frozen (-40oC) and freeze-dried. The particle ...