Contribuição dos ovos de resistência de Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) para a recolonização de ambientes lacustres temporários

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Guimarães, Wesley Luiz [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Resting eggs; Cladocerans; Marginal lagoons; Dry season; Ovo de resistência; Cladóceros; Lagoas marginais; Estação seca
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/136465

Floodplains are wetlands where the oxbow lakes can be found. Due of the dry season and its shallow depth, these lagoons can present seasonal occurrence. Such disruption can lead some zooplankton populations, such as cladocerans, to enter in dormancy, producing resting eggs that are deposited in dry sediment forming a bank of eggs. When the lagoons back to fill the cladoceran community quickly restores, probably as a result of the hatch of eggs present in the sediment. To detect species of cladocerans that produce resting eggs as a strategy for recolonization, as well as the factors influencing the eggs hatch, may help understanding the egg bank's role as zooplankton biodiversity source in lagoons. Our goal in this study was to investigate the potential of cladocerans to recolonize of temporary lagoons, through the hatching of resting eggs in specific experimental conditions. The zooplankton community was sampled in four lagoons located in the Turvo River floodplain. Sampling of planktonic cladocerans were taken by a plankton 50 µm mesh net before and after the drying lagoons. Physical and chemical parameters as depth, transparency, temperature, pH, conductivity, OD, chlorophyll and suspended material were also measured. For the hatching experiments of resting eggs in laboratory, sediment from lagoons were sampled using a corer (4.5 cm diameter), during the dry season. Two methods were tested to indicate the most effective for the hatching: 1. Environment Treatment: bottles with sediment and water from the Turvo river kept at ambient conditions; 2. Chamber Treatment: bottles with sediment and water from the Turvo river kept under controlled conditions in a growth chamber (23 ° C and photoperiod 12:12). Every two days each replica was analyzed for physical and chemical parameters and the verification of cladocerans newly hatched. After two weeks these procedures were performed weekly to complete 60 days. A portion of the sediment was used for particle size characterization. Before the drought 23 species were present in the studied lagoons, after drought 16 species. During the hatching experiment Chamber Treatment had 431 hatching while Environment Treatment had 118. Six species hatched: Alona glabra, Ephemeroporus hybridus, Ilyocryptus spinifer, Leydigiops ornata and Notoalona sculpta and Oxyurella longicaudis, being four species in the Chamber Treatment and six species in the Treatment Environment. In the Chamber Treatment, after 7 days, E. hybridus was the first species to hatch, and after 9 days Environment Treatment N. sculpta and I. spinifer hatched. With the analysis of hierarchical partition we found that in the Chamber Treatment conductivity and pH showed a positive correlation and dissolved oxygen a negative correlation with the hatching of resting eggs. In the Environment Treatment, conductivity and dissolved oxygen showed a negative correlation with the eggs hatch. In conclusion we can point that species of Chydoridae and Ilyocryptidae family, which are benthic or littoral organisms have a greater potential to quickly hatch into temporary lacustrine environments.