Avaliação do comportamento mecânico de três diferentes tipos de osteossíntese em fratura de côndilo mandibular: análise por elementos finitos 3D

• Ano de defesa: 2013
• Autor(a) principal: Jesus, Giorge Pessoa de [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Método dos elementos finitos; Côndilo mandibular; Fraturas - Fixação interna; Mandibular condyle
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/110827

The use of two straight plates is the most indicated in literature, to prevent the subcondilar fractures complications. Different studies have highlighted that the osteosynthesis stability is related to the mechanical stresses that occur in the region of the condyle, generated by the chewing muscles. This study evaluated the biomechanical behavior of three methods of fixation, through a mandibular finite element model (FEM), comparing the stress distribution and behavior of materials in low subcondilar fractures. A transverse fracture was simulated in the mandibular model and on adapting osteosynthesis materials for fracture fixation. Three methods of fixations using titanium plates were tested: two straight plates; one lambda plate and; one trapezoidal plate. The results showed that the method of osteosynthesis provides a good stiffness on the fixation system with little displacement at the fracture line. Nevertheless, by the intensity of the applied force, all models would be subject to failure, because they presented very high stress values. Comparing the performance of the three plate’s models tested, it was observed better behaviors for the lambda plate, with a more homogeneous distribution of von Mises stresses on the osteosynthesis devices and maximum principal strain over the bone.