Atributos microbiológicos do solo em sistemas de manejo de longa duração

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Barbosa, Marcelo de Andrade [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Microorganismos do solo; Plantio direto; Análise enzimática; Solos - Qualidade; Solos - Manejo; Enzymes
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/127995; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/cathedra/17-09-2015/000849246.pdf

Soil management systems, as well as the application of fertilizers may promote changes on microorganism activity in the soil. In this regard, four experiments were performed in order to evaluate the microbial respiration (MR), the microbial biomass carbon (MBC), metabolic quotient (q CO2), total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), microbial biomass nitrogen (NBM), and the enzymatic activity of urease (UEA), dehydrogenase (DEA) and amylase (AEA) in soils from areas with a history of management and fertilization (cattle manure and urea). The first experiment consisted of planting maize as a summer crop in conventional tillage system with urea fertilization (CT U), at the rates: 0.90 and 180 kg ha-1 N; the second, of planting maize in summer in conventional tillage fertilized with cattle manure (CT M), at the rates: 0.5 and 60 Mg ha-1; and the third and fourth consisted of no-tillage with maize/maize (NT M/M) and legumes/maize (NT L/M) cover crops, respectively, both fertilized with urea, at the same rates of the first experiment. The no-tillage system with legumes/maize cover crops is the one that best provides favorable conditions for microorganism development in the soil. The conventional tillage fertilized with cattle manure has a higher microbial activity compared to the conventional tillage fertilized with urea. The N rates in the form of urea provide decreased microorganism activity in no-tillage system with legumes/maize cover crops and increase in no-tillage with maize/maize cover crops. The microorganism activity in the soil increases with increasing rates of cattle manure