Effect of maternal feed restriction at different stages of gestation on skeletal muscle development and energy metabolism of newborn goats

• Ano de defesa: 2018
• Autor(a) principal: Costa, Thaís Correia
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: eng
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Palavras-chave em Português: Cabras - Nutrição; Caprinos - Desenvolvimento; Desnutrição fetal; Sistema musculoesquelético; Metabolismo energético; Nutrição e Alimentação Animal
• Link de acesso: http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/24817

The skeletal muscle development begins m the prenatal period and its formation can be influenced by several factors, among them, the effect of maternal nutrition has been widely studied. Ruminant dams, frequently, experience feed restriction im certan period of gestation, due to a season of low availability of food. As a consequence, fetal development can be affected in several aspects. The main effects, include alterations in the commitment of mesenchymal stem cells, which dependimg on the stimul, will differentiate into specific cell Imeage, determme the body composition of the ofíspring, and consequently define their future performance. In addition, maternal feed restriction impairs the energy metabolism of the offspring, since there are evidences that low intake of nutrients by the dam, cause adaptative response m the fetal metabolism that favor the uptake of glucose by peripheral tissues. Despite the current knowledge about the effect of maternal nutrition on skeletal muscle development of the offsprmg, some divergences are still found, possibly due to the different types and duration of the insults tested. Thus, the first chapter of this study corresponds to a literature review, which addresses aspects and concepts related with the skeletal muscle development, its pathways and mechanisms, such as, insulin signaling pathway and epigenetic mechanisms. In the second chapter we aimed to investigate the effect of maternal feed restriction at different stages of gestation (first or second half) on skeletal muscle development and energy metabolism in the progeny. With the results obtamed, we conclude that maternal feed restriction at early or late gestation does not affect mRNA expression of myogenesis, adipogenesis and fibrogenesis markers neither change the mesenchymal stem cell population mn skeletal muscle of newborn goats mn a different manner. However, energy metabolism may be impaired by reducing Hexokinase II (HKII) expression in skeletal muscle of newborns. Collectively, our data suggest that maternal feed restriction mn first half of gestation followed by realimentation may have sustained a compensatory growth m newborns skeletal muscle.