Os desafios da divulgação e popularização da mecânica quântica: O olhar dos pesquisadores

• Ano de defesa: 2023
• Autor(a) principal: Barros, Matheus
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Uberlândia; Brasil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Ensino de Ciências e Matemática (Mestrado Profissional)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Divulgação científica; Ppopularização da ciência; Mecânica quântica; Comunicação da física; Museu de ciências; Science communication; Popularisation of science; Quantum mechanics; Communication of physics; Science museums; CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::FISICA; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::EDUCACAO; Ciência - Estudo ensino; ODS::ODS 3. Saúde e bem-estar - Assegurar uma vida saudável e promover o bem-estar para todos, em todas as idades.; ODS::ODS 4. Educação de qualidade - Assegurar a educação inclusiva, e equitativa e de qualidade, e promover oportunidades de aprendizagem ao longo da vida para todos.
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/41398; http://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2023.635

In the Brazilian context, the funding for science and technology comes from public resources derived from the tax contributions of the people. In this sense, the allocation of these resources has a strong social influence since it is democratically elected officials who decide whether or not funds will be allocated for science and technology activities. Considering the context of Quantum Mechanics (MQ), it holds complex knowledge, causing some obscurity in public interpretations, along with a rigid and resilient stance regarding communication with the public by researchers. In this scenario, this research provides an analysis of the statements of faculty and postgraduate students in Physics at the Institute of Physics (INFIS), Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), regarding the challenges and perspectives of Communication and Popularization of MQ in the university context. In this regard, we seek to understand how Physics professionals perceive the interaction of pseudosciences and their communication with the public, who, influenced by these alternatives to scientific knowledge, form misconceptions about science and technology. We also explore how the Theories of Conceptual Fields and Communication and Popularization of Science (DC and PC) can contribute to the construction of activities that promote conceptual and attitudinal change in the public's view of science. The research was conducted with nine faculty members and seven postgraduate students in Physics (three master's and four doctoral), through semi-structured interviews, recorded and transcribed. In this scenario, the analysed data provided the contextualization of the characteristics of education in Basic and Higher Education, as well as the relationships with DC and PC actions in this stage of education and professional practice, showing little involvement of the characters with DC and PC practices. Furthermore, we explored the importance, difficulties, and possibilities of Communication of Quantum Mechanics in the university context, revealing: i) characters' perceptions of DC and PC actions; ii) the benefits of these for their research activities; iii) barriers related to their training; iv) the limited appeal of this type of content to the population; and v) limitations of the public's understanding of these contents. Moreover, we brought aspects that highlight the researchers' relationships with quantum mysticism and its characters, where perspectives of public approach configure a posture of distance, however, with recognition of the relationship between the spread of this knowledge and the misconceptions people have about Quantum Mechanics. In this sense, the results showed us the relevance of investing in actions that promote the researchers' and public's approach, as well as the importance of incorporating such actions throughout society's education, whether in basic or higher education. Additionally, this research allowed us to create a support material for PC and DC actions in the context of INFIS/UFU, entitled “Dicas do Dica: Divulgação Científica para Cientistas e Educadores” but that can serve as inspiration for the construction of similar materials for other areas of knowledge and institutions.