Purificação de biodiesel utilizando adsorventes naturais

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Gomes, Michelle Garcia
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Uberlândia; BR; Programa de Pós-graduação em Biocombustíveis; Ciências Exatas e da Terra; UFU
• Palavras-chave em Português: Biodiesel; Purificação; Via seca; Adsorventes naturais; Biocombustíveis; Biodiesel - Purificação; Purifications dry washing; Natural adsorbents; CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/12378; https://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2015.32

In the present work was to study the biodiesel purification with the natural cold adsorbents. The biodiesel used in this study was obtained by performing the transesterification process with sunflower oil with methanol in the presence of NaOH as catalyst. After decantation of glycerin, biodiesel was heated at 100° C for evaporation of the residual methanol. The biodiesel passed through the purification process. It compared the results obtained regarding the biodiesel without washing, purified biodiesel with water, purified biodiesel with potato starches, corn, cassava, rice, cellulose and Select 450®. In the first stage, the biodiesel was purified in the following proportions (w / v) of 1%, 2%, 5% and 10%, by stirring 10 minutes. In the second step was varied the time of purification, on day 1 min, 2,5 min, 5 min, 7,5 min, 10 min and 15 min in relation to weight / volume fixed at 5%. In the determination by capillary electrophoresis samples of biodiesel washed with water, purified biodiesel with potato (5%), corn (10%), cassava (1%) and rice (1%) starches was got-concentrations K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+ below established at RANP 07/08, ASTM D 6751 and EN 14214, except for rice starch in cases of K+ and Na+, which exceeded the value of 5 mg / kg. In step 1 and 2, compared with the specifications of RANP 14/2012, in all the samples showed acid value results in the proper manner. In relation to a combined alkalinity test, good results were obtained in both steps, but in step 1, the better the potato (5% to 10%), corn (10%) and cassava (1% and 2 %) starches, and in step 2, were the best Select 450®, potato and cassava starches. The purification yield the same effect on the removal of free glycerin, removing substantially all glycerin, as in the case of potato starch used (5%), cassava starch (1% to 2%), rice starch (1% and 5%) and cellulose (10%) in step 1 and Select 450® (at all times, except 10 min), cassava starch (in all but the time 5min) and cellulose (in all but the time 1 and 10 min) in step 2. The point and turbidity were satisfactory, where the application of potato starch (5% and 10%) and cassava starch (1% and 2%) and Select 450® (1%, 5% and 10% ) - step 1, and potato (10 and 15 min), cassava (15 min), rice (2,5 min) starches and Select 450® (at all times) - step 2 showed more efficient. In step 2, the water content, the values did not remain within the allowed range by ANP, but there was a decrease compared to the crude biodiesel and biodiesel purified wet. Knowing that the Select 450® is a commercial product, it can be concluded that the use of natural adsorbents possess the advantage of drastic reduction in wastewater, making the process eco-friendly and making them efficient for biodiesel purification. The use of cold natural adsorbents for the purification of biodiesel is also a viable alternative for preventing generation biodiesel degradation products are generally produced in conventional processes which are performed at high temperatures