Contextos de vida e as vivências da maternidade de adolescentes em situação de rua. Aspectos sociais e psicológicos

• Ano de defesa: 2006
• Autor(a) principal: Silveira, Anne Lise Sandoval Scappaticci [UNIFESP]
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Gravidez na adolescência; Psicologia; Menores de rua; Relações mãe-filho; Pobreza; Pesquisa qualitativa; Psiquiatria; Psychiatry; Qualitative research; Poverty; Mother-child relations; Homeless youth; Psychology; Pregnancy in adolescence
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/9259

In recent decades there has been a great deal of research regarding adolescent pregnancy and the homeless population, however, little has been published concerning young homeless mothers. This study is intended to close this gap. In order to investigate the living context and experience of motherhood in homeless adolescents, 21 teens residing in eight shelters in the city of São Paulo were interviewed. Using a qualitative approach based on Grounded Theory, a descriptive analysis of the main interview contents was carried out, followed by a psychoanalytic reading of this same material. The main themes came out on the following axes: direction, family life, life on the street, sexuality, pregnancy, presence of a partner, maternity, maternity in the shelter, experiences with maternity. The information brought out by this study yields some hypotheses. Most of the teens grew up in home contexts of poverty headed by their mother. Family life was marked by instability; many offhand changes in residence, generally sparked by relational conflicts; neglect; having nowhere to stay and no one to stay with; and by a nomadic family lifestyle. Although marked by rejection and conflict, the maternal relationship is generally referential while the paternal relationship is either hostile or absent. The street is described as a place where anything goes, marked by careless use of drugs and sex, but this becomes unworkable with the approach of the birth of the baby. Most partner relationships are casual and short-term. Teens characteristically receive news of their pregnancy with surprise and rejection. Despite being seen with ambivalence, the shelter becomes a place of refuge that makes the experience of motherhood possible. Homeless teen maternity can be viewed as a positive fact gradually evolving in order to give meaning to an existence where significant bonds are poorly developed. As a result, creating bonds with the adolescent herself and giving her time to construct a relationship with her baby are fundamental.