O currículo baseado em competências na residência médica em endoscopia digestiva: uma proposta de formação

• Ano de defesa: 2018
• Autor(a) principal: Koury Filho, Miguel [UNIFESP]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de São Paulo; Brasil; São Paulo; UNIFESP; Ensino em Ciências da Saúde
• Palavras-chave em Português: Medical Residency; Curriculum; Skills; Digestive endoscopy; Residência Médica; Currículo. Competências; Endoscopia Digestiva
• Link de acesso: http://www2.unifesp.br/centros/cedess/mestrado/teses/tese_238_miguel_koury.pdf; https://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/51820

Introduction: Medical residency is considered the gold standard in the training of medical specialists in the country. Established in Brazil in the 1940s, this latent-sense postgraduate model still presents little guidance in terms of the skills expected from apprentices at the end of their internship. Although we understand the conformation of a curriculum as essential for the better programming and orientation of the formation of professionals, we see few institutions or societies walking in this direction. The training of the endoscopist lacks a curriculum that is guided by expected skills, which can better guide apprentices and instructors. Objectives: To investigate the necessary competences for the formation of an endoscopist doctor in the medical residency, and the elaboration of a training proposal. Methodology: This research was based on the documentary analysis of the documents that govern medical residency in endoscopy in Brazil. Subsequently, semi-structured interviews were conducted with supervisors of Medical Residency Programs in Endoscopy of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. After being transcribed, both the documents and the interviews were submitted to thematic analysis after EDA (Exploratory Data Analysis) and data coding. From this analysis the results were categorized and examined in order to group the categories by similarity. Based on the information analyzed, a competency-based curriculum proposal was set up for a Medical Residency Program in Endoscopy. Results and discussion: Within the survey after documentary analysis and analysis of the interviews with the program supervisors, we were able to compile the information that allows to design a proposal of training oriented by competences. This proposed program is a two-year program with a 60-hour workweek, where training takes place gradually. It is based on competency-driven modules, which occur within a supervised service training environment. Within this proposal, the focus of the training are the residents, with their needs and difficulties being taken into account. The temporal module serves as a guide for the proposed formatting, but respecting the individuality of each learner. The theoretical part of the training is based on active methodologies, with a greater participation of the resident in learning to learn, and the evaluation has a formative characteristic, privileging the gradual gain of knowledge and allowing the resident to take advantage of each of the steps performed. Final considerations: This proposal is in line with the international literature, which presently proposes formations guided by goals that represent competencies expected from apprentices during their professional lives. It is understood that the more similar to the professional performance the apprentices’ training is, the better its final result will be.