Conversão do glicerol utilizando catalisadores ácidos

• Ano de defesa: 2013
• Autor(a) principal: Inoue, Daniela Tiemi [UNIFESP]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de São Paulo
• Palavras-chave em Português: Beta zeolite; Heterogeneous catalysis; Statistical design; Glycerol; Lauric acid; Zeólita beta; Catálise heterogênea; Planejamento estatístico; Glicerol; Ácido láurico
• Link de acesso: https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=152361; https://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/46313

The biodiesel has been added at growing percentages to the diesel sold in Brazil since 2008 and it is currently at the rate of 5 % (B5). This percentual increase brings out the need to find new applications for glycerol, as main by-product of biodiesel production, in order to aggregate value to the supply chain. The main objective of this study was to use this glycerol, obtaining products of commercial interest and reduce environmental liability. The purpose of this work it was studied specifically the recovery of glycerol by its esterification with lauric acid, using beta zeolite as acid catalyst, verifying the influence of their physicochemical properties (aluminum content, acidity, ion exchange degree and reaction time) on the results of activity and the product selectivity. It was used a statistical design of experiments to optimize the experimental work and study these variables concisely. The products of this reaction are a mixture of monolaurin, dilaurin and trilaurin. From the commercial viewpoint the first and the second ones are the most interesting. For this study it has employed commercial zeolites (Zeolyst), with Si/Al ratios of 12.5 and 19. To vary the acidity of these catalysts it was employed the technique of combined ion exchange with isotonic solution. The statistical design of experiments proved as great tool to apply in this catalytic system, the results were significant and had interactions to the statistical model. Comparing the zeolites with Si / Al ratios of 12.5 and 19, the obtained results indicated that, among the factors that have higher influence on activity during glycerol esterification, the acid strength of the sites is the factor more important and not the number of acid sites.