Impacto do controle da asma em diferentes faixas etárias em cinco países da América Latina

• Ano de defesa: 2018
• Autor(a) principal: Alith, Marcela Batan [UNIFESP]
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Asthma; Age group; Latin America; Therapeutics; Hospitalization; Activities of daily living; Epidemiology; Asma; Grupos etários; América Latina; Terapêutica; Hospitalização; Atividades cotidianas; Epidemiologia
• Link de acesso: https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=7348479; https://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/53024

Introduction: Asthma is defined as a heterogeneous disease, usually characterized by chronic airway inflammation and is classified as controlled, partially controlled and uncontrolled. Patients with uncontrolled asthma are at greater risk for hospitalizations and visits to emergencies, and have a greater impact in their daily life. Objectives: To evaluate asthma control, the use of health resources and asthma negative impact on physical aspects in patients with different age in five Latin American countries. Methods: The Latin America Asthma Insight and Management (LA AIM) study, conducted in 2011, was carried out in Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, Venezuela and Puerto Rico. Patients with a medical diagnosis of asthma were interviewed, directly in those with 18 years or older and through the parents in those between 12 and 17 years. The questionnaire consisted of 53 questions related to five main domains of asthma: symptoms; impact of asthma on life; perception of asthma control; exacerbations; and treatment/medication. Results: A total of 2,167 asthmatics were interviewed in Argentina (19.9%), Brazil (18.6%), Mexico (24.5%), Puerto Rico (18.6%) and Venezuela (18.4%). The three studied groups (12-17years, >17-40 years and > 40 years) presented a large percentage of patients with partially controlled and uncontrolled asthma. Venezuela had 74% chance of having partially and uncontrolled asthma (p=0.03) in relation to Mexico as reference. Patients who had a significant chance of having controlled asthma were the ones in use of asthma control medication (three times more chance, p=0.01) and in use of rescue medication in the last four weeks (13 times more chance, p=0.001). Regarded to health resources utilization, there was no association with asthma control in the studied countries. Asthmatics with sleep limitations had 72% higher chance of having uncontrolled asthma (p=0.002). Conclusions: We concluded that in the three age groups studied there was a poor asthma control with no difference among the countries; Venezuela was the most likely country to have uncontrolled asthma; patients who used control and rescue medications were the ones with the highest chance of having controlled asthma; there was no difference among countries in relation to asthma control and the use of health resources utilization (emergency visit to the doctor's office, hospitals or clinics, hospital and ICU admission); and sleep limitation was the only symptom associated with higher chance of having uncontrolled asthma.