Relação entre estado nutricional e composição corporal, função pulmonar e qualidade de vida em idosos com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Barreto, Giovanna Peixoto [UNIFESP]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Nutritional assessment; Nutritional status; Elderly; Body composition; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Quality of life; Avaliação nutricional; Estado nutricional; Idoso; Composição corporal; Doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica; Qualidade de vida
• Link de acesso: https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=5665119; http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/50489

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common, preventable and treatable respiratory disease characterized by airflow limitation. In 2015, COPD was the fourth leading cause of death, accounting for 3.2 million deaths worldwide. In patients with COPD, malnutrition is a common finding and it is related to worsening disease severity and quality of life. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between nutritional status and body composition of elderly COPD patients with pulmonary function and quality of life. Methods: An analytical crosssectional study was performed in elderly patients with COPD attended at the outpatient clinic of the Pulmonary Rehabilitation Center of the Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP). The Body Mass Index (BMI), Bioimpedance (BIA) and the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) were used for evaluating the nutritional status. Pulmonary function was assessed according to the spirometry, GOLD criteria and quality of life had been assessed by the COPD Assessment Test (CAT). Statistical analyzes were performed using the statistical package IBM SPSS version 20.0 and the results with the probability of Type I error was lower than 5% it was considered statistically significant. Results: We included 107 patients, the mean age was, 71.1 ± 6.6 years old, 52.3% men, 44.9% had moderate COPD and 34.6% had severe COPD. According to MNA, 42.9% of patients had nutritional risk and malnutrition. In relation to BIA, the Fat-Free Mass (FFM) witch presented moderate intensity correlations with the indicators of Forced Expiratory Volume at 1 Ssecond (FEV1) and Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), and Fat Body Mass (FM) also correlated positively with FEV1 (L) and the FEV1 / FVC ratio. Although there were no significant differences between MNA scores and disease severity, this correlation was positive for almost all spirometric indicators. The values of BMI, mid arm circumference and calf circumference were significantly lower in patients with greater severity of the disease. Among the indicators of body composition, the fat body mass and the fat-free mass index showed to differ significantly between the severity groups of the disease. Significant correlations were observed between MNA score and CAT score, with higher scores in patients at nutritional risk or malnourished. Conclusion: Nutritional status is associated with pulmonary function and quality of life in elderly patients with COPD.