Transtorno do Défict de Atenção/Hiperatividade e a dinâmica familiar

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: Colonelli, Vera Lucia Lima Ladeira [UNIFESP]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder; ADHD; Psychosocial Risk Factors; Family Relationship; Family Therapy; Transtorno do déficit de atenção-hiperatividade; TDAH; Fatores de Risco Psicossociais; Relações Familiares; Terapia Familiar.
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/67956

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a disorder characterized by deficits of neurological basis that causes the absence of inhibition and self-control. The diagnosis is often clinic and based on three categories of symptoms: lack of attention, impulsivity and hyperactivity based on the Diagnosis and Statistic Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). The role of genetics and environmental factors in the etiology of ADHD has already been discussed in the literature. Objective: The objective is to understand and describe the presence of psychosocial risks in the family dynamic that can contribute to the development and maintenance of ADHD. Method: method qualitative through semi-directed interviews with the parents based on the model of family therapy created by Salvador Minuchin. The sample was composed of 15 families of children between 6 and 12 years old, who had gone through a multidisciplinary diagnostic evaluation in the Ambulatory of the Children Neuropsychological Center (NANI). They presented positive results for ADHD: inattentive type, hyperactive/impulsive and the combined type, without the presence of comorbidities. Results: The results of the interviews have permitted the understanding and the description of risk factors present in the family dynamics to the development of ADHD. These factors are: deficient family structure with the indefinition of parental roles, bonding fragility, lack of clear limits, family rows caused by the child’s behavior, painful family histories of the parents origin that can interfere in the formation of a positive bonding in the family. Final Considerations: In the families with a functional dynamic, which is with the presence of parental care, clear and flexible definition of parental roles, expression of feelings, affection security, parents as authority figures are not enough to inhibit ADHD but they function as protection factors to the development of the disorder. The evaluation of these factors is important because they can contribute to the family treatment.