Inserção/atuação dos médicos veterinários nos serviços públicos da região metropolitana da Baixada Santista: uma aproximação ao referencial Saúde Única (One Health)

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Castro, Carolina Cruz Murta de [UNIFESP]
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Meio Ambiente e Saúde Pública; Medicina Preventiva; Saúde Pública Veterinária; Saúde Pública; Medicina Veterinária; Saúde Coletiva
• Link de acesso: https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=3799098; http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/41863

Veterinarians are important Collective Health professionals for performing in different segments like animal production and well-being, zoonosis surveillance and control, health, epidemiological and environmental surveillance, food security, veterinary expertise, comparative medicine, health education, among other attributions. The One Health Concept is a theoretical approach that aims to unify the human, animal and environment health by practicing multidisciplinarity, by integrating public agencies, departments, ministries, federal entities, universities, institutions, governmental and non-governmental organisations and society in order to control and prevent emerging and re-emerging diseases. This research has the purpose of evaluating qualitatively and quantitatively the veterinarians insertion at the public systems in the Baixada Santista Metropolitan Region municipalities aimed at the One Health Initiative. A review of literature was followed to get agencies surveys and number of veterinarians working at public systems, as well as documentary analysis of attributions and pertinent legislation concerned with the topic. Semistructured interviews of 86 veterinarians and their line managers were recorded, containing respectively 18 and 17 questions that were divided into four categories: group insertion, professional integration, professional practice and academic education. Answers were analysed by quantitative methodology using N Vivo software 11th version and chi-squared test for the significance evaluation. The software Open Epi was used with 95% (alpha 5%) confidence level. When the data proportion analysis could not be evaluated by Open Epi, software Stata were used, comparing veterinarians’ and managers’ opinion. The qualitative analysis was taken by reference to Minayo (2013), Gomes et al. (2005) and Bardin (2002) content analysis. The scope of veterinarians action, although wider according to their attributions provisioned in the law, demonstrates gaps to be complied at particular sectors and municipalities of research. Great majority of the professionals interviewed 75 in 86 unaware the One Health Concept. Difficulties could be observed regarding to the effective work insertion of the professionals due to lack of integrational and resource, in additon to the unawareness about the veterinarians allocations. It was also noted problems relating to veterinarians and managers integration, between government bodies at same political entity or even within different political entities. The veterinarian professional activity was influenced by their (lack of) knowedge about public policies and standardization and depends on their autonomy and workplace. The academic education revealed primordial importance to professional activity, with great majority had difficulties in conceptualize and differentiate important theoretical approaches for the professional exercise, like Public and Collective Health. It has been found significant affinity between One Health and Collective Health theoretical-conceptual matrix. Considering that the Collective Health references are largely present in the Unified Health System legislation, practice and services, there are favourable outlook for the One Health incorporation in the actions taken, aiming to strengthen and expand the veterinarians insertion and professional exercise in the public system at the federal, state and municipal levels.