Limitação de atividades em idosos: estudo em novos usuários de próteses auditivas por meio do questionário APHAB

• Ano de defesa: 2010
• Autor(a) principal: Flores, Nayyara Glícia Calheiros [UNIFESP]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Idoso; Prótese auditiva; Presbiacusia
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/9786

Objective: Evaluate the hearing difficulties and the benefits of elderly with the use of hearing aids in daily life activities according to variables of educational degree and hearing loss degree. Methods: This study was carried out in two services of high complexity in the state branch of the hearing health care in the State of Alagoas, after the favorable results of the Ethic Committee of UNIFESP and UNCISAL. It was evaluated 30 elderly with sensoneural hearing loss of moderated degree to moderately severe, new users of hearing aids. The questionnaire of self-evaluation APHAB was used before the hearing aids fitting and after three months of using them. This questionnaire has 24 questions, with seven possibilities of answers, distributed in four sub-scales: easy of communication, reverberation, background noise, and aversiveness and has as its objective quantify the difficulty caused by the hearing loss as well as the reduction of this difficulty through the use of hearing aids. The data were summarized through absolute frequency (N) and relative (%) in the case of categorical and numerical variable, through average, standard deviation, median, minimum and maximal value. It was used the Wilcoxon method to compare the scores through sub scale and the general was calculated through the answers of the three sub scales. The benefic obtained with the use of the hearing aids was obtained by the subtraction of the results in the general evaluation before and after three months of fitting. To the study of association between the educational degree and the benefit and the hearing loss degree and the benefit, it was used the Kruskal-Wallis test. The results were considered to be significant when p< 0,05. The data analysis as well as the production of graphics were obtained through the use of the software statistics Minitab, version 15.1 Results: The sample was composed by 18 women (60%) and 12 men (40%), with ages ranging 60-87,average 71,6. In relation to the educational degree, the majority were not illiterate (36,7%); eight (26,7%) had the secondary school degree incomplete, one (3,3%) had the secondary school degree complete, six(20%) high school incomplete and four (13,3%) high school complete. From the 30 participants, 19 (63,3%) shown hearing loss of moderated degree and 11 (36,7%) of severe degree. Comparing the results of the questionnaire before and after three months of fitting, it was observed a significant statistically difference in the sub scales easy of communication, reverberation and background noise with values of p< 001. To the sub scale to the aversiveness was observed a negative benefit, that is, a significant worsen happened with the use of hearing aids. In the general analysis was observed an improvement in the use of the hearing aids in the three sub scales: easy of communication, background noise and aversiveness. There was not a significant statistically association between the benefit of the hearing aids and the education degree and the hearing loss degree. Conclusions: There is a benefit in all sub scales: ease of communication, reverberation, aversiveness and background noise. There is nor association between the benefit obtained and the use of haring aids, and the variables education degree and hearing loss degree. The benefit obtained in the background noise sub scale is less than that obtained in the easy of communication and reverberation sub scale.