Síndrome metabólica na população Khisêdjê, residente no Parque Indígena do Xingu - Brasil Central: mudanças no período de 1999-2000 a 2010-2011

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Mazzucchetti, Lalucha [UNIFESP]
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
• Palavras-chave em Português: indigenous people; metabolic syndrome x; bioelectrical impedance; incidence; non communicable chronic diseases; indígenas; síndrome x metabólica; impedância bioelétrica; incidência; doenças crônicas não transmissíveis
• Link de acesso: https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=1514610; https://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/47048

Objective: To identify the changes in the morbidities profile related to metabolic syndrome (MS) among the Khisêdjê indigenous adults and elderly residents in the Xingu Indigenous Park, over the period 1999-2000 to 2010-2011. Methods: This is an epidemiological study, with a serial cross-sectional design (conducted in 1999-2000 and 2010-2011), which allowed the calculation of the measure of cumulative incidence. Both were carried in the Ngôjwêre village. We invited to participate in the study all the subjects of both sexes with ages ?20 years of ethnicity Khisêdjê or residents in the villages of the area covered by the Wawi Indigenous Post Surveillance - Special Health District Xingu Indigenous (Mato Grosso/Brazil). While in the years of 1999-2000 86 individuals were evaluated, in the years of 2010-2011 179 were evaluated; 78 subjects were evaluated in both moments. We used a standard form for data collection. The collection of anthropometric measurements followed the procedures recommended by the World Health Organization in 1995. For the measurement of the body composition a tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance device model was used. For identification of MS and its components the criteria diagnostic proposed by Alberti and colleagues in 2009 were used. The MS was defined by the concomitant presence of at least three metabolic abnormalities: abdominal obesity, glucose intolerance, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL cholesterol. The Stata software was used for all analysis steps. Results: The evaluation conducted in 2010-2011 enabled the identification of a population that is in high metabolic and cardiovascular risk, since 30.7% of SM was found. The comparison the 1999-2000 data with those of 2010-2011 showed deterioration in the morbidities profile related to MS. The main damages were increasing prevalence of overweight of 37.2% to 48.0%; of hypertension of 3.6% to 25.1%; of diabetes mellitus 1.3% to 3.9%; and of hyperuricemia of 5.2% to 15.1%. In terms of body composition, the data suggest that the presence of excessive weight is associated with increased muscle mass. The concomitant evaluation of some individuals made possible the identification, in 10 years of follow-up, the cumulative incidence of 37.5% of SM; of 47.4% of hypertriglyceridemia; of 38.9% of arterial hypertension (AH); of 32.0% of central obesity; of 30.4% of overweight; of 29.1% of hypercholesterolemia; of 25.0% of low HDL-C; of 10.4% of high LDLc; and of 2.9% of diabetes mellitus (DM). The age proved to be a risk factor for the incidence of hypertension, DM and high LDLc, regardless of sex; being male was a protective factor for the incidence of central obesity, independent of age. Conclusions: Deteriorations of most health indicators evaluated were identified, the Khisêdjê are exposed to high cardiometabolic risk. This result may be related to changes in traditional lifestyle.