Influência da estrutura da paisagem e da pegada humana sobre as interações mutualísticas morcego-planta na Mata Atlântica

• Ano de defesa: 2023
• Autor(a) principal: Bornholdt, Jéssica
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Brasil; Ciências Biológicas; UFSM; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal; Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas
• Palavras-chave em Português: Antropização; Cobertura florestal; Conservação; Dispersão de sementes; Fragmentação; Morcegos neotropicais; Múltiplas escalas; Redes de interações; Anthropization; Conservation; Forest cover; Fragmentation; Interaction networks; Multiple scales; Neotropical bats; Seed dispersal; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/33029

Bats play essential ecosystem services, such as pollination, seed dispersal, and pest control. However, these services have been threatened due to anthropogenic impacts on the environment, which affect species richness, abundance and bat-plant interactions and can trigger negative effects on ecosystem functioning. Therefore, it is key to understand how each bat species responds to these changes. Here, we investigated the influence of anthropogenic impacts on interactions between bats and plants for five bat species: Artibeus lituratus, Artibeus fimbriatus, Carollia perspicillata, Sturnira lilium, and Platyrrhinus lineatus. We compiled interaction networks in the Atlantic Forest and investigated the influence of the human footprint, metrics of landscape composition (forest cover), landscape configuration (patch and edge density), and primary productivity on the number of interactions, proportion of consumption of preferred plant genera and feeding specialization of bats. We found that human footprint affected positively the number of interactions for C. perspicillata and negatively for S. lilium. The number of interactions of Platyrrhinus lineatus was negatively affected by edge density. The number of interactions for the remaining species was not affected by any predictor variables analyzed. Some species seem to be more sensitive to human impacts, while others do not, as they are able to persist in disturbed environments due to their characteristics of habitat use and generalist diet, in addition to prefer to feed on plant species adapted to degraded areas and early stages of succession. We emphasize that these species are essential for maintaining forest regeneration in disturbed environments.