Efeitos biológicos do óleo essencial e do extrato hidro alcóolico das folhas de Psidium guajava var. pomifera L.

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Pinho, Antonio Ivanildo
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; BR; Bioquímica; UFSM; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica
• Palavras-chave em Português: Psidium guajava; Óleo essencial; Extrato hidro alcóolico; Enzimas antioxidantes; Quelação; Mercúrio; Bioinseticida; Essential oil; Hydro alcoholic extract; Antioxidant enzymes; Chelation; Mercury; Biopesticide; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOQUIMICA
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4498

The Myrtaceae family has 145 genera. In Brazil are recorded 23 genera and about 1,013 species. Several plants of this family are used in food stuffs, for example, Psidium guajava L. fruits, commonly known as guava. In folk medicine Psidium guajava L. leaves are used for colic, colitis, diarrhea, dysentery, and stomach illness. The objective of this study was to evaluate the biological effects of essential oil (OEPGP) and hydro alcoholic extract (HEPG) of Psidium guajava var. pomifera L. To evaluate the OEPGP bioinseticide effect Drosophila melanogaster were used. The flies exposure to OEPGP was performed by a fumigation protocol: Adult flies (males and females) were placed in glass vials containing a filter paper soaked in 1% sucrose. Then, a filter paper was set on the inner side of the cover containing the OEPGP (0, 3, 7.5, 15, 23.5 and 30 μg/ml). The flies mortality was assessed 6, 12, 24 and 48 h. In turn, to assess antioxidant and chelating action against inorganic mercury, DPPH, TBARS, and 1,5 diphenylcarbazone assays were carried out using 0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 mM HgCl2 and 0, 25, 33, 50, 100 and 200 μg/ml of EHAPGP. Cell growth was assessed using Sacharomices cerevisiae, which were exposed to concentrations of 100, 125 and 150 mM of HgCl2 and 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.25, 2.5, and 5 μg/ml of HEPG. Our results showed that OEPGP has a bioinseticide action when flies were exposed to concentrations of 23.5 and 30 μg/ml. Locomotor activity was impaired at concentrations of 15, 23.5, and 30 μg/ml during the first 6 hours of treatment. The OEPGP caused an increase in TBARS levels and in antioxidant enzymes activities. In turn, the HEPG has high concentrations of phenols and flavonoids and showed antioxidant activity, as demonstrated in the DPPH and TBARS assays. The chelating action of HEPG was proven by the test of 1.5 difenilcarbazone and the dosages of Hg levels by ICP-AES. The HEPG partially prevented the cell death caused by HgCl2. Our study indicated that HEPG has antioxidant and HgCl2 protection purposes, while the essential oil presents a bioinseticide action to trigger a pro-oxidant action.