Percepção de enfermeiros (as) quanto a aplicabilidade da escala de Braden em pessoas idosas hospitalizadas

• Ano de defesa: 2024
• Autor(a) principal: Diniz, Clebiana Alves e Silva
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Brasil; Ciências da Saúde; UFSM; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gerontologia; Centro de Educação Física e Desportos
• Palavras-chave em Português: Pessoa idosa; Lesão por pressão; Avaliação de risco; Assistência de enfermagem; Pressure Injury; Elderly; Risk assessment; Nursing assistance; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/33351

In Brazil, aging has become the focus of public health policies, given that the modification of the Brazilian age pyramid has led international and governmental bodies to develop social and health policies, with the aim of preparing society for the impacts produced by this reality. In view of this, the assessment of the risk of pressure injuries - PPI offers the opportunity to share the information obtained within the scope of interdisciplinary. Thus, the Braden scale, validated worldwide and adapted for Brazil in 1999, is frequently used in nursing care practice, requiring careful evaluation by the entire care team of the integumentary system of hospitalized elderly people, aiming at prevention, evaluation and monitoring of pressure injury. Objective: To understand the perception of nurses regarding the use of the Braden scale in the prevention of pressure injuries among hospitalized elderly people. Methodology: This is an exploratory, descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out at the University Hospital do Rio Grande do Sul, between April and May 2023. Data collection was through semi-structured interviews with guiding questions addressed to nurses, who agreed to participate in the research. The interviews were recorded, the interview data was transcribed in full and the information was grouped according to similarity. As an analysis method, Content/thematic Analysis was used in its three moments: pre-analysis; exploration of the material; treatment of results and interpretation. Results and discussion: 15 nurses participated in the study, the majority of whom were female, with more than 4 years of training and more than 2 years of experience in the unit. Everyone reported having knowledge about the Braden scale, even though several of them had not received prior training when asked about LPP in the UCIR, they all said that there is almost no LPP in the unit. However, they receive several patients from other sectors/hospitals with LPP already installed. As for the best time, they reported that it is applied as soon as the patient is admitted to the unit, although there is no consensus that this is the best time. They say they do not experience difficulties in applying the scale and are unaware of other scales that assess the risk of developing LPP, presenting a good perception regarding the clinical applicability of the scale. They reported that the rate of patients who develop PPI in the surgery unit (UCIR) is low in relation to the number of elderly people who are hospitalized. Therefore, they believe that the application is really effective the research proposal was part of a larger project, entitled “Risk factors for the development of frailty in the elderly” and has CEP opinion nº5849051. The study met the ethical aspects of research with human beings. Final Considerations: It is considered that nurses demonstrated good perception regarding the application of the Braden scale in the prevention of LPP, being applied at the time of admission by all nurses effectively, with the amount of LPP developed in the CUIR being reduced. They did not demonstrate difficulties in applying the scale, however, as they receive several patients from other Units/hospitals, they generally arrive with the LPP installed. However, this study has some limitations, such as having been developed only with nurses and in a single sector of the hospital. However, it is extremely important that this type of study is expanded to other units/sectors of the hospital, so that strategies can be designed together with the patient safety center to minimize these adverse events, improving the quality of care and life of these people who need to be hospitalized.