A relação entre crescimento econômico e as emissões de CO2: uma análise da Curva de Kuznets Ambiental para países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento

• Ano de defesa: 2013
• Autor(a) principal: Brufao, Camila Albornoz
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; BR; Economia; UFSM; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Economia e Desenvolvimento
• Palavras-chave em Português: Crescimento da renda; Emissões de CO2; Curva de Kuznets Ambiental; Income growth; CO2 emissions; Environmental Kuznets Curve; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/6623

The present study aims to analyses the relationship between the growth of income per capita and CO2 emissions per capita in developed countries - the United States and Germany - and developing countries - Brazil and China - between 1971 and 2009 based on the hypothesis of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (CKA) in its two versions, the CKA in the form of inverted U and the CKA in the form of N. The first suggests that as the income growth occurs in many countries, environmental damage tends to decrease, showing an inverted-U format. The second, on the other hand, suggests that the growth of countries per capita income take at one point to the environmental damage reduction, after reaching a very high level, the causes of environmental damage re-grow and the curve presents a new turning point and resumes an upward trajectory. It is expected that developed countries show a U-shaped inverted curve since reached such a level of income that allows them to grow with reduced environmental damage, or presenting a curve-shaped N since reached a level of income even higher which made its return emissions to be positive after a period of income growth with reduced environmental damage. Developing countries on the other hand, are expected to show linear monotonic increasing, as have not yet reached the level of income that allows them to have access to technologies that make their production processes cleaner making it grow through growth CO2 emissions and can present the descending portion of the curve. The results vary from one country to another. In some, the relationship between income growth and CO2 emissions has a curve shaped inverted-U, in others, in the shape of N, or even none of these.