A arquitetura bioclimática na obra de Emil Bered: análise de três projetos de edificações multifamiliares no município de Porto Alegre (RS)

• Ano de defesa: 2024
• Autor(a) principal: Domingues, Quétilan Rodrigues
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Brasil; Arquitetura e Urbanismo; UFSM; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Arquitetura, Urbanismo e Paisagismo; Centro de Tecnologia
• Palavras-chave em Português: Arquitetura bioclimática; Arquitetura moderna; Emil Bered; Conforto térmico; Bioclimatic architecture; Modern architecture; Thermal comfort; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ARQUITETURA E URBANISMO
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/33205

Bioclimatic architecture is an approach aimed at designing buildings adapted to the climate and physical characteristics of each location. Some of the strategies used in this approach include solar protection elements, such as brise-soleils, screens, cobogós, among other examples, as well as appropriately considering aspects of natural ventilation and lighting. In this context, it can be said that Brazilian modern architecture is one of the fields in which these elements were most extensively applied. This research aims to investigate the use of bioclimatic strategies in the work of the architect Emil Bered (1926-2024), an important figure in modern architecture in Rio Grande do Sul. For this purpose, three case studies of multi-family buildings will be analyzed, namely the Linck Building (1952), the Rio Grande do Sul Building (1957), and the Faial Building (1962), designed by Bered in the 1950s and 1960s, a period when modern architecture in Rio Grande do Sul reached its peak. The methodological tools used in this research include the foundation of bioclimatic architecture concepts, a historical review of modern architecture in Rio Grande do Sul, the characterization of the local climate in the city of Porto Alegre, as well as the identification of the bioclimatic strategies recommended for the city. Regarding the case studies, each is analyzed using the redesign method to better understand the unique characteristics of form and design approach in each work. Project analyses, context analyses, and bioclimatic analyses are also applied to the case studies, including computer simulations and the creation of a bioclimatic chart based on the model used by Romero (2001). The results obtained from the comparative analysis of the case studies demonstrate the architect's full mastery of the physical and climatic conditions of each site. Moreover, the recurring use of bioclimatic strategies was noted in all three case studies, such as the use of solar protection elements on facades with greater exposure to solar radiation, the promotion of cross ventilation in spaces with higher occupancy, and the appropriate materiality of the building envelopes, thus meeting a large part of the specific needs for bioclimatic zone 3, where the municipality of Porto Alegre, RS, is located, characterized by a Humid Subtropical climate.