Ensaios em complexidade econômica

• Ano de defesa: 2024
• Autor(a) principal: Corrêa, Paulo Afonso de Mello
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Brasil; Economia; UFSM; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Economia e Desenvolvimento; Centro de Ciências Sociais e Humanas
• Palavras-chave em Português: Complexidade econômica; Corrupção; Infraestrutura de internet 3G; Desenvolvimento econômico; Economic complexity; Corruption; Structure of 3G internet; Economic development; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/33422

This research was developed in the form of two essays related to the topic of Economic Complexity. The first essay examines the relation between corruption and Economic Complexity in 101 countries from the year 1998 to 2021. The results indicated a negative relation between corruption and the economic structure of countries, with an estimated coefficient of -0.5035, showing that an increase of one standard deviation in the corruption index (0.308) decreases the level of economic sophistication by approximately 0.50 points (this means moving a country from the 70th percentile to the median of the distribution, in terms of country rankings in 2021). Country heterogeneities suggest a greater effect of corruption on countries that are below the median in terms of human capital, infrastructure, foreign direct investment flows, and income, while they are above the median in relation to inflation. The results highlight corruption in the public as the most significant channel affecting economic complexity. The findings suggest that promoting anti-corruption policies could be an important mechanism for developing the sophistication of nations' economic structures. The second essay aims to analyze the impact of the implementation of 3G internet infrastructure on the economic complexity of Brazilian municipalities, using the empirical strategy of Differences in Differences, from 2003 to 2012, for 5564 municipalities. The results indicate a positive impact of the implementation of 3G internet technology, with a magnitude of 0.0026 on the indicator of sophistication of the economic structure of the municipalities that were studied. This represents an increase of 0.63% in the economic complexity indicator, in average terms, compared to the pre-intervention period. The heterogeneities between regions indicate a more effective impact in the South, Southeast and North regions. Among the characteristics of the municipalities, the heterogeneities suggest a more effective impact in municipalities that are above the median in terms of municipal GDP per capita and human capital-related variables, and below the median in relation to the Gini Index. These results suggest that investment in telecommunications infrastructure may be an important mechanism for developing the sophistication of the economic structure of municipalities.