O renascimento dos guardiões de sementes sob a luz da legislação e das políticas públicas: uma análise multidimensional da agrobiodiversidade e da sustentabilidade

• Ano de defesa: 2024
• Autor(a) principal: Fonseca, Marcelo Trindade da
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Brasil; Direito; UFSM; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito; Centro de Ciências Sociais e Humanas
• Palavras-chave em Português: Agrobiodiversidade; Guardiões de sementes crioulas; Políticas públicas; Conhecimentos ancestrais; Agrobiodiversity; Seed guardians; Public policies; Ancestral knowledge; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::DIREITO
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/33255

The preservation of agrobiodiversity and the maintenance of native seeds emerge as themes of increasing relevance on the global stage, especially given the challenges posed by genetic homogenization and the loss of agricultural varieties. Creole seed custodians play a crucial role in conserving and transmitting ancestral knowledge related to agriculture, despite the challenges they face, which range from social devaluation to complex legal issues. The gradual decline in the value of Creole seed custodians over the last few decades reflects not only a loss of social recognition, but also economic and legal difficulties. This decline is associated with socioeconomic and cultural transformations that have affected traditional agricultural practices and local knowledge systems. Given this context, the main objective of this dissertation is to analyze the resurgence and strengthening of Creole seed guardians, considering both the legal aspects and public policies related to their practice. Based on the growing importance of preserving agrobiodiversity and promoting agricultural sustainability, the research seeks to understand the perspectives and limitations faced by family farming. Using a methodological approach that incorporates documentary analysis and case study, the dissertation will examine existing public policies and normative regulations at international and national levels, related to the protection of agrobiodiversity and indigenous seeds. Furthermore, it will investigate the best practices adopted by Creole seed guardians in the municipality of Ibarama, in Rio Grande do Sul, as an example of preservation and multiplication of this practice through cooperativism and education. In the end, the research aims to contribute to the development and implementation of more inclusive and effective public policies, which value and protect native seeds, ensuring the continuity of traditional agricultural practices and the preservation of agrobiodiversity for future generations.The dissertation results indicate that landowner seed guardians play a crucial role in preserving agrobiodiversity, facing significant economic, social and legal challenges. The analysis of public policies revealed gaps that need to be filled to ensure the protection and appreciation of these guardians. The case study in Ibarama demonstrated that agroecological and cooperative practices can effectively promote the preservation of native seeds, being a model to be replicated.