Avaliação da força dos músculos do tronco em idosas : reprodutibilidade, associação com o desempenho funcional e efeitos dos treinamentos funcional e tradicional

• Ano de defesa: 2018
• Autor(a) principal: Mesquita, Marceli Matos Andrade
• Orientador(a): Grigoletto, Marzo Edir da Silva
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Educação Física
• Palavras-chave em Português: Exercícios físicos para idosos; Músculos; Envelhecimento; Coluna vertebral; Reprodutibilidade dos testes; Atividades cotidianas; Treinamento neuromuscular; Neuromuscular training
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Reproducibility of tests; Aging; Spine; Daily activities
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::EDUCACAO FISICA
• Link de acesso: http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/9144

The maintenance of the trunk muscles strength presents great importance in the elderly’s health, since it is related to a better performance during the daily activities. However, scientific literature limitations are found when analyzing the tests to measure the strength of these muscles and, in addition, the importance of these muscles in functional performance in the elderly people is not clear. Therefore, the objective of this dissertation was: I) to evaluate the reproducibility of the maximal isometric trunk strength test in the elderly women; II) to verify the association between strength and endurance in the trunk muscles on measures of functional performance in elderly women; and III) to analyze the effects of functional and traditional training on maximal isometric strength and endurance in elderly women. Study I verified the reproducibility of the maximal strength test of the trunk muscles in the elderly, in two days of evaluations, through Interclass Correlation Coefficient, Coefficient of Variation, Minimum Detectable Change, Standard Error of Measure, as well as graphical analysis of Bland-Altman. The study results showed high to very high interclass correlation (extensors = 0.93, flexors = 0.86, respectively); low variation (9% for both muscle groups); and minimal detectable change acceptable (extensors = 51.1 N, flexors = 48.9 N). Furthermore, the Bland-Altman analysis reveals low bias and values within the limits of agreement. In study II, a multiple linear regression was performed with the purpose of explaining to what magnitude the strength and endurance of the trunk muscles contribute to functional performance in elderly women. Thus, there was a participation of the trunk extensor muscles endurance that ranged from 17.9% to 24.4% in functional performance in the elderly. In study III, a randomized and controlled clinical trial was conducted with three groups: functional training, traditional training and control group. The intervention groups performed a training with functional and progressive characteristics, so that the traditional training group performed the exercises in analytical machines and the functional training group, exercises with characteristics of movement patterns in a multiplanar and coordinated manner, incorporating multiple joints. The groups were evaluated before and after 12 training weeks through trunk muscles maximal strength test. After 12 training weeks, it was verified that the functional training group obtained a statistically significant improvement for all variables analyzed: maximum strength test, trunk extensor and flexor muscles strength and endurance ratio. The traditional training group was superior only in the variable of trunk extensor muscles strength development rate. Accordingly, it is concluded that the trunk muscles maximal strength test in elderly women presents high reproducibility; there is a great association between the trunk muscles endurance in the functional performance and the functional training seems more effective than the traditional training in relation to the increase of the trunk muscles maximal strength and endurance, in addition to the rate of trunk flexor muscles strength development.