Caracterização e análise mecânica de biocompósito de matriz micelial e reforço vegetal para uso como material biodegradável

• Ano de defesa: 2020
• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Iris Sterfanie
• Orientador(a): Griza, Sandro
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais
• Palavras-chave em Português: Engenharia; Ciência dos materiais; Materiais compostos; Resíduo agrícola; Análise térmica
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Engineering; Materials science; Biocomposite; Mycelium; Agricultural waste; Heat treatmen
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE MATERIAIS E METALURGICA
• Link de acesso: https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/14744

Concerns about future generations and frantic waste production boosted the development. In this scenario, the biological matrix and vegetable reinforcement biocomposite has potential, because meet demands social, economic and environmental. The matrix that aroused the science interest in recent years was the mycelium, that is, the filamentous network of hyphae that constitutes the structure of the fungi. Biocomposite manufacture, still recent, involves control of substrate proportion, select of isolate and pressing and heating conditions. Given the above, the present work aims to analyse the impact of different heat treatments on the physical, chemical, thermal and mechanical responses of the biocomposite composed by the isolate Pycnoporussanguineus associated with coconut powder and wheat bran. The analyses showed that the mycelium grew on the substrate at random, degrades it and acts as a binder between the particles. The random growth formed a dense and compact mycelial network on the surface of the biocomposite and the heat treatment induced porosity. The treatments changed the intensity of FTIR bands corresponding to the OH, NH group and referring to lipids, in addition to modifying the semi-crystallinity and reducing the temperature of thermal degradation. The increase in drying time and temperature intensified losses of mass and volume, as well as reduced density, compressive deformation, resistance to compression and toughness. In general, we obtained a light biocomposite, with resistance to compression between 134-200 kPa. Thus, the results showed that through changes in heat treatment, a mycelial biocomposite with different behaviours is obtained, expanding the possibilities of choosing material properties depending on its application.