Análise das reações adversas após o tratamento com radioterapia em adultos com câncer de cabeça e pescoço

• Ano de defesa: 2018
• Autor(a) principal: Santos, José Nilson Andrade dos
• Orientador(a): Matos, Felipe Rodrigues de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde
• Palavras-chave em Português: Câncer; Cérebro; Tumores; Radioterapia; Pescoço; Câncer de cabeça e pescoço; Reações adversas
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Head and neck cancer; Radiation therapy; Adverse reactions
• Link de acesso: https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/13777

Head and neck cancer is a collective term defined by anatomical bases to describe malignant tumors of the upper aerodigestive tract and its treatment through radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery. The incidence of adverse reactions (AR) depends on the dose / frequency of radiotherapy, site irradiance, age and clinical conditions of the patient and associated treatments. The aim of this study was evaluate the adverse reactions (AR) in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) under treatment of radiotherapy (RT). Socio-demographic, clinical and medical data were collected. Patients were sorted by two groups and associated to treatment: < 10 and > 10 RT sections of radiotherapy. The study was performed in 34 patients. The mean age was 59 years (± 12.33) with minimum age of 36 years and maximum of 86 years. 91.2% of the patients reported smoking and 85.3% reported alcohol consumption. The frequency of the neoplasms were: malignant neoplasm of other parts and other species of the tongue (C02) - 11.8%, malignant neoplasia of other forms and malformation of the lip, oral cavity and pharynx (C14) - 11, 8% and malignant neoplasia of the larynx (C32) - 14.7%. Among the main adverse ratios were: pain (70.6%), mucositis (97.1%), nausea (67.6%), vomiting (55.9%), dry mouth (94.1%), dehydration (94.1%), voice alteration (91.2%) and pruritus (55.9%). In addition, there were no significant differences between the groups with less than 10 and more than 10 radiotherapy sessions by RA. In view of the findings, it is suggested that health professionals should be aware of these AR,seeking to minimize and treat them, as well as promote continuous follow-up so that they can recover the ideal health conditions, contributing to the quality of life and self-esteem of these patients.