Desenvolvimento do pensamento computacional utilizando histórias em quadrinhos apresentando conceitos da empatia para alunos do ensino fundamental na disciplina de história

• Ano de defesa: 2021
• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Luís Antônio dos Santos
• Orientador(a): Nunes, Maria Augusta Silveira Netto
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Computação
• Palavras-chave em Português: Computação; Empatia; Ensino fundamental; História; Histórias em quadrinhos; Pensamento computacional; Empathy; Elementary school
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: History; Comics; Computational thinking
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::CIENCIA DA COMPUTACAO
• Link de acesso: https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/15016

The 21st century brought new challenges to Education. One of these challenges was the advancement of technology, which allowed for true market and employability changes. These changes have the potential to extend into the coming centuries and are also reflected in the students’ school curriculum, as market changes can directly impact the school curriculum and thus the training of professionals of the future, as students will be trained for professions that will still emerge. Therefore, the Common National Curriculum Base (BNCC) lists the general competences that must be developed in Brazilian Basic Education for the construction of knowledge, development of skills and formation of values. The general competences of BNCC are in accordance with the five competences for the 21st century (Critical Thinking, Collaboration, Creativity, Problem Solving and Computational Thinking), with emphasis on Computational Thinking (PC), also cited by BNCC, as the PC aims to efficiently solve and formulate problems in different contexts by developing logical thinking, using fundamentals of computing in any area of knowledge and, consequently, making room for PC to be used in any subject of the school curriculum. Therefore, the motivation for this dissertation is the need to prepare children and young people for a still uncertain labor market, impacting the need for the development of essential skills and competencies for the 21st century, considering the emergence of new professions and, with this in mind, this dissertation proposes the creation of evidence to verify the development of PC with the use of comic books, in the discipline of History, in the presentation of Empathy concepts for elementary school students. To achieve this goal, some artifacts (comic books) were elaborated and with the realization of the experiment with the participation of 12 students, who are from the 5th year with an average age of 10,58 during eight weeks, it was possible to measure, applying the Computational Thinking Test (CTt), the decrease in the mean of the control group, the growth in the distribution of means in both groups, with a percentage of -7.72% for the control group and 7.88% for the group experimental. The results from the analysis of the Concepts of Empathy test show a decrease in the mean of the control group (4.84%) and the experimental group (14.51%). Although with the increase for the experimental group when measuring the PC development, the p-value found after the Paired Student t Test did not reach statistical significance and it is believed that the small sample size negatively impacts this significance, being suggested to perform the experiment with a larger sample and teaching in person.