Avaliação da atividade antitumoral da Remirea maritima AUBL

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Dória, Grace Anne Azevedo
• Orientador(a): Araújo, Adriano Antunes de Souza
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Sergipe
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Remirea maritima; Câncer; Antitumoral; Antioxidantes; Toxicidade; Oncologia; Farmacologia
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Remirea maritima; Cancer; Antitumor; Antioxidant; Toxicity
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE
• Link de acesso: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/3598

Remirea maritima Aubl. (Cyperacea) is a species known as "pinheirinho-da-praia" and popularly used to cure diarrhea, fever, kidney diseases, pain and inflammation. Many studies have shown the presence of many secondary metabolites of R. maritima, however, scientific reports about its pharmacological properties are still scarce. Therefore, this work aimed to perform the chemical composition of extracts of R. maritima, to evaluate the antitumor and immunomodulator effects, to investigate the antioxidant activity, cytotoxicity as well as to perform preclinical studies of toxicity of hydroalcoholic extract 40% of R. maritima. The chemical composition of the aquous extract (AE) and hydroalcoholic extracts 40% (40HA) and 70% (70HA) were assessed by HPLC and LC-MS/MS and isovitexina, vitexin, luteolin and caffeyol compounds were identified. Larger quantities of isovitexin and vitexin were found in AE, while luteolin and caffeyol higher percentages were found in the 40HA. In vitro antitumor activity was determined using three human tumor cell lines by the MTT assay and only the 40HA presented potential antitumor property with IC50 of 27.08, 46.62 and 50 μg/mL for OVCAR-8 (ovarian adenocarcinoma), NCI-H385M (bronchus-human alveolar carcinoma) and PC-3 (human prostate carcinoma) human cell lines, respectively. AE and 70HA did not show any significant in vitro antitumor activity. In this context, only 40HA was submitted to others assays. The antitumor activity in vivo was assessed in Sarcoma 180-bearing mice. Body weight loss, leukogram, biochemistry (AST, ALT, Urea and Creatinine), tumor weight and organ weights (liver, spleen, and kidney) were evaluated. Inhibition rate of tumor was 57.16-62.57%, at the doses 25 and 50 mg/kg of 40HA (v.o.), respectively, and the tumor histological sections presented large number of apoptotic cells by Tunel assay. Moreover, 40HA also demonstrated immunomodulary activity with increase production of antibodies ovoalbumin specific by ELISA test and the spleen histology. The determination of TPC was measured by the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, and the 40HA showed high amount of phenols. The redox activity of 40HA was evaluated with different reactive species generated in vitro and its cytotoxic effect against fibroblast cells (L929) and melanoma (B16F10) was tested by Neutral Red assay. The total reactive antioxidant potential (TRAP) of 40HA showed significant antioxidant capacity in the concentrations tested; 40HA was also effective at reducing hydroxyl radicals, iron and nitric oxide. The lipoperoxidation in vitro was also decreased by 40HA and data showed protection from oxidative damage. Additionally, the 40HA presented decreased of 50% and 30% of cell viability at concentrations of 80 μg/mL for L929 and B10F16, respectively, and although it presented antiproliferative effect, the 40HA was not selective for melanoma. Pre-clinical toxicity studies performed according to ANVISA and OECD. In acute toxicity, the animals received a single dose of 2000 mg/kg, while in subacute toxicity test, the animals received daily doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of 40HA. Urinalysis was also evaluated. The 40HA showed no indications of toxicity change. In conclusion, the 40HA presented in their chemical constitution the presence of flavonoids and high total phenols content. In pharmacological study, the 40HE presented in vitro and in vivo antitumor effect, potential of inducing apoptosis, immunomodulator and antioxidant properties without presenting substantial toxicity.