Turismo e economia: uma análise dos impactos das atividades turísticas sobre a estrtura produtiva e o nível de emprego da economia brasileira

• Ano de defesa: 2021
• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Fernanda Rodrigues dos
• Orientador(a): Ribeiro, Luiz Carlos de Santana
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Economia
• Palavras-chave em Português: Turismo; Insumo-produto; Extração hipotética; Análise de decomposição estrutural; Emprego Turístico; Especialização; Urbanização; Diversificação
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Tourism; Input-Product; Hypothetical extraction; Structural decomposition analysis; Tourist employment; Specialization; Urbanization; Diversification
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA
• Link de acesso: https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/18798

Tourism is an economic activity that has stood out a lot in recent years. According to the International Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC, 2020), in 2019, the impact caused by tourism was equivalent to 10.3% of global GDP. That same year, this activity represented 7.7% of the Brazilian GDP. Given this context, the present dissertation is composed of two essays that address the effects of tourism in Brazil. The first essay measures the degree of productive linkage of Characteristic Tourism Activities (ACTs) in the Brazilian economy; and decomposes the variation in the production of ACTs, in the effects of technological change and final demand for the years 2010 and 2015. For this purpose, the hypothetical extraction method and the structural decomposition analysis are used, respectively. The main results show that the withdrawal of ACTs would cause a reduction of 1.33% in the Gross Value of Production (VBP) in Brazil and that the impacts caused by the withdrawal of the structures of purchase and sale of these activities are relatively low, which can be explained, in part, because ACTs are geared towards final demand; on average 55% of its offer. In addition, variations in the production of ACTs are predominantly explained by the behavior of final demand, with a reduced impact from technical progress. Among the components of final demand, household consumption and exports are the ones that most contribute to product variations between 2010 and 2015. The second essay presents a regional analysis of tourism activity with the aim of investigating the influence of specialization externalities, urbanization and diversification on the dynamics of tourist employment in Brazilian micro-regions for the period from 2006 to 2018. For this, a dynamic panel data model is used to capture the effects of these externalities. The main results suggest that the externalities of specialization and urbanization contribute positively to formal employment in the tourism sector. However, the effects of diversification negatively affect the dynamics of tourist employment in Brazilian micro-regions.