Caracterização química dos óleos essenciais e extratos supercríticos de três espécies de Piper de Sergipe

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Lima, Rafaely Nascimento
• Orientador(a): Alves, Péricles Barreto
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Química
• Palavras-chave em Português: Química inorgânica; Essencias e óleos essenciais; Extração com fluído supercrítico; Plantas medicinais; Inseticidas; Larvicidas; Piper; Citotoxicidade
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Inorganic chemistry; Essences and essential oils; Insecticides; Medicinal plants; Supercritical fluid extraction; Cytotoxicity
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA
• Link de acesso: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/6097

To contribute to the knowledge of the chemical species P. klotzschianum, P. hispidum and P. arboreum, analyzes of volatile obtained by hydrodistillation-(HD), extracts obtained by supercritical fluid extraction-(SFE) and identification of isolated compounds were performed using techniques such as GC/MS/FID, NMR (1D, 2D) and IV. Sesquiterpenes present in P. klotzschianum, P. hispidum and P. arboreum as the (E)-caryophyllene, bicyclogermacrene and germacrene D observed only in P.hispidum and P. klotzschianum were the main substances responsible for the high values obtained sesquiterpenes identified by HD. For the monoterpenes £]-pinene (27.19¡Ó0.27%) and £-pinene (7.17¡Ó0.50%) identified in the chemical composition of the stems of P. klotzschianum and Ô-3-carene (17.39¡Ó0.15%, 19.13¡Ó0.48%) respectively present in fresh and dry leaves of P. hispidum also deserved highlighted. The highest yield of extract using supercritical carbon dioxide-(SC-CO2) was 1.36% (80 ¢XC/220 bar) P. klotzschianum and 1.92% (80 ¢XC/200 bar) for P. hispidum, already with the addition of modifiers 2.18% for P. klotzschianum and 3.62% P. hispidum both using 5% methanol at 80 ¢XC/220 bar. By analysis of variance and F test the cosolvent was the variable that most influenced the yields of extracts for F = 288.95 (P. klotzschianum) and F = 409.59 (P.hispidum). The major compounds identified by GC/MS/FID of P. hispidum using SC-CO2 and SC-CO2 + co-solvents were germacrene D (21.08%-80 ¢XC/200 bar-isopropanol 1%) and squalene (15.18%-80 ¢X C/200 bar). Four compounds not initially identified by GC/MS/FID were isolated from extracts of SC-CO2 by column-chromatography (CC) followed by preparative layer chromatography-(CCDP): N-[3-(6-methoxy-3´, 4´-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2(Z)-propenoyl]-pyrrolidine (PHC7_1), N-[3-(6´-methoxy-3´, 4´-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2 (E)-propenoyl]-pyrrolidine (PHC7_2), N-[7 (3´, 4´ methylenedioxyphenyl)-2(Z), 4(E)-heptadienoil]-pyrrolidine (PHC6_2) and N-[7 (3´, 4´ methylenedioxyphenyl)-2(E), 4(Z)-heptadienoil]-pyrrolidine (PHC9), among these only PHC7_1 was cited in the literature on P. hispidum, the others were first reported in the species, with an PHC6_2 PHC9 unpublished in the literature. In chemical composition of the extracts of P. klotzschianum, germacrene D (25.00¡Ó0.11%-40 ¢XC/220 bar/isopropanol 3%), bicyclogermacrene (15.41¡Ó0.23%-40 ¢XC/220 bar/isopropanol 3%), 14-oxy-muuroleno-£ (21.23¡Ó0.10%-80 ¢XC/180 bar/ethanol 3%) pipercalosidina (22.06¡Ó0.01%-40 ¢XC/180 bar/methanol 1%) and (E)-caryophyllene (11.66¡Ó0.05%-40 ¢XC/220 bar/isopropanol 3%) are the major constituents present in the extracts obtained with SC-CO2 or addition modifier. Among the samples tested in front of IC50 HepG2 and HL-60 cells, the samples P. hispidum stems oil (94.77¡Ó1.93%-HepG2), P. klotzschianum fruit oil (90.53¡Ó1.10%-HepG2, 76.64¡Ó7.44%-HL-60) and P. klotzschianum oil fresh leaves (93.24¡Ó0.70%-HepG2) had cytotoxic activity. The oil obtained from the dried leaves of P. klotzschianum (122.372¡Ó1.247 £gg mL-1), dried leaves of P. hispidum (141.876¡Ó2.333 £gg mL-1), fresh leaves of P. arboreum (187.901¡Ó2.106 £gg mL-1) and fresh leaves P. klotzschianum (223.051¡Ó1.253 £gg mL-1) showed larvicidal activity against the mosquito Aedes aegypti.