O uso variável dos pronomes tu, você e cê na função de sujeito : um estudo do padrão de comportamento referencial

• Ano de defesa: 2022
• Autor(a) principal: Araujo, Andréia Silva
• Orientador(a): Freitag, Raquel Meister Ko.
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Letras
• Palavras-chave em Português: Língua portuguesa; Linguística; Sociolinguística; Formas pronominais de segunda pessoa; Função referencial; Variação linguística
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Second person pronominal forms; Referential function; Linguistic variation
• Palavras-chave em Espanhol: Formas pronominales de segunda persona; Función referencial; Variación lingüística
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: LINGUISTICA, LETRAS E ARTES::LETRAS
• Link de acesso: http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/17348

The variant forms tu (you), você(you), and cê(you) are used in Brazilian Portuguese to report to both a determined referent (deictic interlocutor) and indeterminate referent (any person present or not in the communicative context, including the own locutor/speaker). The variationist studies about this phenomenon analyzed the kind of reference as an independent variable. However, each reference seems to have a behavior of a dependent variable being characterized as two distinct functions/rules of use for the phenomenon under study: i) the determined reference of the variant forms expresses the function of reference to the second person singular (2ndPS); and ii) the indeterminate reference of the variant forms expresses the function of indeterminacy of the subject. We argue for the thesis that the variable uses of the pronouns tu, você, and cê are related to the distinction of the kind of referential function (defined or indeterminate), which interferes with the proportion of the distribution of the forms, being necessary that each referential function be controlled as a separate variable rule (dependent). From the theoretical framework of the interface among the Variationist Sociolinguistics (WEINREICH; LABOV; HERZOG, 2006 [1968]; LABOV, 2008 [1972]), Pragmatics (BROWN, GILMAN, 1980; BROWN, LEVINSON, 2011 [1987]), and Accommodation theory(BELL, 1984, 2001; GILES, COUPLAND, COUPLAND, 1991), we aim at analyzing the behavioral pattern of the variants tu, você, and cê with a defined and an indeterminate reference in the speech of university students, in two situations of data collection: in sociolinguistic interviews and in interactions. We selected as the analyzed corpus 16 sociolinguistics interviews (Sample Displacements-UFS/ITA (2018)) and 16 interactions (sample Social Network of university informants from Itabaiana/SE (2013)). For each one of the variable rules under study, we controlled the effects of the following independent variables: i) level of intimacy among the interlocutors; ii) (a)symmetrical relationships in relation to interlocutors’ gender; iii) speech turn; iv) deliberate question; v) speaker’s gender; iv) social mobility; vii) kind of sample; viii) kind of discursive sequence; ix) discursive topic; x) kind of speech; xi) formal parallelism; and xii) triggering effect. We identified 3209 occurrences of the subject pronouns tu, você, and cê in the analyzed corpus. Overall, results revealed that the variant você is the most used variant by the informants, both in the functions of defined and indeterminate references in both samples. The frequent use of that variant was mostly triggered by the informants’ level of schooling and the focused environment (a university), which favor the action of the power dimension enabling the use of the most prestigious form among the three variants in the community. The uses of the variant tu only occurred in the rule of defined reference in interactions (in men’s speech, injunctive sequences, in topics about personal experiences, in interactional situations among intimate people). Such results presented statistical significance, indicating that the kind of sample interferes with the distribution of the variants and that there is action of two variable rules (defined and indeterminate references) in the uses of the variable forms used. When the sample is composed of interviews, the uses of the pronominal forms você and cê occurred regardless of the kind of reference. These results contribute to the overview of the changes in Brazilian Portuguese pronominal chart and suggest the importance of the diversification of kinds of linguist samples in analysis of variable processes pragmatically motivated.