Atividade do óleo essencial de Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf e Citral contra leishmaniose visceral

• Ano de defesa: 2013
• Autor(a) principal: Brito, Ana Maria Guedes de
• Orientador(a): Xavier Filho, Lauro
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia (RENORBIO-SE)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Produtos naturais; Plantas aromáticas; Leishmaniose visceral; Biotecnologia; Biotecnologia farmacêutica; Matéria médica vegetal
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Aromatic plants; Biotechnology; Kala-azar; Vegetable; Natural products; Pharmaceutical biotechnology
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::FARMACOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/3289

In Brazil leishmaniasis reach 19 states, and more than 90% of human cases of the disease are concentrated in Northeast region, there is still important regions foci in the Midwest, North and Southeast regions. Studies point for the occurrence of about 20.000 new cases annually of the disease. The need for new drugs more effective, safe and accessible for the treatment of leishmaniasis, visceral in particular, later on, affects liver, spleen, reticuloendothelial system, bone marrow and lymph nodes becomes relevant. Furthermore, according to the World Health Organization, the plant species are the best and major source of drugs for humanity and Brazil has 60.7% of its territory of natural and planted forests, representing the second largest forest area in the world, only behind from Russia. Thus, this study aimed investigated the activities of the essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus and Citral against Leishmania (L.) chagasi. In order for this to happen, oil from fresh leaves were harvested on the Mother Earth farm, located in Santana do Sao Francisco/SE. The Citral was acquired from Sigma-Aldrich (Darmstadt, Germany). Gaseous Chromatography and Detections by Flame Ionization were carried to identify its chemical constituents, just like an evaluation of inhibitory concentrations 50% in promastigotes and amastigotes in Leishmania mentioned beforehand, cytotoxicity assays, nitric oxide production and fluorescence to detect possible increase of membrane permeability in the presence of Citral were developed. Pharmacological activities were found in promastigotes (CI50/48 hours 25 Êg/mL for oil and 30 Êg/mL for Citral), however, activities were not found in amastigotes. The cytotoxicity (CI50 was 26.25 Êg/mL for oil and 33.96 Êg/mL for Citral). As for the increased production of nitric oxide, this did not occur, however, pore formation was observed in cell membranes of promastigotes in the presence of Citral. Therefore, the essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus and Citral may come to be used as preventive measure against visceral leishmaniasis. Since the promastigotes are the ways that infect vertebrates, including man.