Avaliação do potencial antioxidante de extratos vegetais, isolados ou associados sinergicamente a antioxidantes sintéticos, aplicados ao óleo de linhaça

• Ano de defesa: 2013
• Autor(a) principal: Epaminondas, Poliana Sousa
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal da Paraí­ba; Brasil; Química e Bioquíma de Alimentos; Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos; UFPB
• Palavras-chave em Português: Óleo de linhaça; Alho; Chá verde; Gengibre; Antioxidantes; Estabilidade térmica e oxidativa; Linseed oil; Garlic; Green tea; Ginger; Antioxidants; Thermal and oxidative stability; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::CIENCIA E TECNOLOGIA DE ALIMENTOS
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/4057

Faced with the need to find new natural sources, able to replace partially or totally artificial antioxidants, reducing the phenomenon of oxidation and ensuring increased shelf life of edible oils, we sought to investigate the behavior of natural extracts of garlic, green tea and ginger on linseed oil, for their ability to protect against lipid oxidation. For this, the ethanol and methanol/ acetonic extracts of garlic (EEGL and MAEGL), green tea (EEGT and MAEGT) and ginger (EEGG and MAEGG), respectively, were initially compared for total phenolic content (TPC), by Folin-Ciocalteau method, as the antioxidant capacity, by Radical-Scavenging Activity of the DPPH (RSA-DPPH), by Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and by β-carotene/ linoleic acid system method, and the thermal stability, by Thermogravimetry/ Differential Thermal Analysis (TG/ DTA). The thermal and oxidative stability of the linseed oil added with ethanolic extracts, singly or with synthetic compounds tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), were evaluated, respectively, by Thermogravimetry/ Differential Thermal Analysis (TG/ DTA) and accelerated oxidation tests, such as accelerated storage test in oven, Pressurized Differential Scanning Calorimetry (P-DSC), PetroOxy and Rancimat. The extracts showed the following descending order of TPC: EEGT (483.45 ± 15.23 mg GAE.g-1) ~ MAEGT (469.28 ± 17.84 mg GAE.g -1) > EEGG (235.49 ± 1.34 mg GAE.g-1) > MAEGG (60.36 ± 1.90 mg GAE.g-1) > EEGL (10.55 ± 0.76 mg GAE.g-1) > MAEGL (3.01 ± 0.15 mg GAE.g mg-1 dry matter ). For the tests to determine the antioxidant capacity, green tea extracts showed higher RSA-DPPH and FRAP, compared to other samples. The extracts showed the following decreasing order of thermal stability : EEGT (111 ºC) ~ MAEGT (110 ºC) > EEGL (104 ºC) > EEGG (96 ºC) > MAEGL (68 ºC) > MAEGG (63 ºC). Despite the low response TPC and small compared to RSA-DPPH and FRAP, the ethanol extract of garlic showed considerable ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation, by β-caroteno/ácido linoleic system, and high thermal stability, attributed to organosulfur compounds. Considering the oxidative stability tests of samples of additived oil, it was found that the ethanolic extract of garlic, alone or synergistically associated with the BHT or TBHQ, protected the linseed oil in a manner similar to or even higher than synthetic antioxidants alone, by P-DSC and PetroOxy assays, keeping it in good condition overall until the 8th day accelerated storage in an oven at 60 ºC. Extracts of green tea and ginger offered protection to linseed oil until the 4th day of storage accelerated when combined synergistically to TBHQ, also demonstrating good oxidative stability by P-DSC, PetroOxy and Rancimat techniques. The results suggest the feasibility of using green tea and ginger extracts as partial substitutes (LOGT / TBHQ (50/50) and LOGG / TBHQ (50/50)) and garlic extract as total substitute (LOGL 100) of synthetic antioxidants, being alternative natural sources of antioxidants for application to the edible oil industry.