Intervenção com fibras dietéticas mistas em metabólitos de HDL, HDL-C do soro e valores pressóricos em mulheres hipertensas e normotensas com excesso de peso

• Ano de defesa: 2024
• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Cássia Surama Oliveira da
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal da Paraíba; Brasil; Ciências da Nutrição; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Nutrição; UFPB
• Palavras-chave em Português: Hipertensão arterial - Mulheres; Obesidade - Mulheres; Fibra alimentar - Metabólito; Metabólito - HDL-C do soro; Metabolômica; High blood pressure - Women; Obesity - Women; Dietary fiber - Metabolite; Metabolite - Serum HDL-C; Metabolomics; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::NUTRICAO
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/32129

Systemic arterial hypertension is a multifactorial disease of complex nature, which directly interferes with the metabolomic profile. Metabolomics is a highly reproducible technique that allows for the analysis of intact biological samples without the need for extensive preparation, reducing the potential for analytical variability. This technique enables the identification of unknown metabolites, making it valuable for the comprehensive profiling of complex metabolic mixtures and is considered the most functional approach to understanding the activities of an organism. It has been observed that dietary fiber reduces blood pressure (BP) and circulating cholesterol, and is associated with hypertension. However, the mechanisms by which dietary fibers reduce BP levels have not yet been elucidated. Consequently, there are no quantitative fiber recommendations in national and international guidelines for the treatment and prevention of hypertension. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to evaluate, based on metabolomics, the effect of mixed dietary fiber intervention on HDL metabolites, serum HDL-C, and blood pressure values in hypertensive and normotensive overweight women. This is a double-blind placebo-controlled intervention matrix study, conducted with 60 adult women aged 20 to 60 years. Initially, the sample was selected for convenience and then randomized. Four groups were formed: Groups 1 (G1-hypertensive) and 3 (G3-normotensive) received twelve grams of mixed dietary fibers, and Groups 2 (G2-hypertensive) and 4 (G4- normotensive) received a placebo. Anthropometric assessments, pre- and post-intervention biochemical analyses of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, LDL, VLDL, fasting glucose, and PCR-us were conducted, as well as metabolomic profile analysis using the 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) technique. The results obtained showed significant differences in the main types of metabolites in G3, including the increase in relative areas of the HDL 4.94 ppm (0.0086*), HDL 1.28 ppm (0.0337*), HDL 0.88 ppm (0.0224*) metabolite peaks and one α-glucose 4.90 ppm (0.0106*) metabolite peak, and a reduction in systolic blood pressure (SBP) (0.0292*) of 7 mmHg within the reference range. In G4, a reduction in SBP of 4 mmHg (0.0118*) and a choline 3.65 ppm metabolite peak (0.0266*), was observed. In relation to the group G1 showed a correlation between the increase in total serum HDL-C and the increase in the relative areas of HDL metabolite peaks (0.84 ppm and 0.88 ppm), and a negative correlation between total serum HDL-C and HDL (1.24 ppm). In G3, positive relationships were observed between total serum HDL-C and two HDL metabolites (0.88 ppm and 1.24 ppm). Additionally, there was a reduction in SBP and Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) in G1, and a reduction in SBP in G3 and G4. Based on these findings, these HDL metabolites may be targets for the prevention of cardiovascular risk factors, particularly for increasing total serum HDL-C and reducing total cholesterol and blood pressure. From the sample analyzed in this study, these effects were observed following intervention with mixed dietary fibers.