Desempenho estrutural e térmico de painéis modulares intertravados de matriz cimentícia com reforço estrutural de bambusa vulgaris

• Ano de defesa: 2021
• Autor(a) principal: Gomes Neto, José Augusto
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal da Paraíba; Brasil; Engenharia Civil e Ambiental; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Civil e Ambiental; UFPB
• Palavras-chave em Português: Painéis de bambu; Bambusa vulgaris; Construção sustentável; Ensaios de desempenho; Bamboo panels; Sustainable construction; Performance tests; CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA CIVIL
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/23510

The industrialization process used in the production of construction materials such as cement and steel, for example, as they are large consumers of energy and generators of pollutants, affects the environment and people's lives, both in rural areas in large urban centres. As a result of this process, studies on the use of raw land, bamboo and natural fibers, materials available in the Earth's tropical regions, including Brazil, have gained prominence in recent years. Bamboo has great potential to be explored in civil construction, contributing to sustainable architecture. Among its advantages is the fact that it is renewable, uses solar energy to grow, absorbs CO2 instead of releasing it into the atmosphere, and grows faster than wood. In the northeast region of Brazil, the most widespread bamboo species is Bambusa vulgaris, which, as it does not have very linear culms, is not widely used in construction. Therefore, one of the main objectives of this research was to show the potential of this species, indicating its mechanical properties, applying it as structural reinforcement in precast modular cement matrix panels with the addition of bamboo particles. As cracking is very frequent in bamboo culms in structures already in service, a study was carried out on the influence of cracks on compressive strength. The developed panel has a large load capacity and can have structural use in the construction of urban or rural housing. It is 40 cm wide by 240 cm high and 12 cm thick and consists of 4 parallel bamboo culms, immersed in a cement matrix with 45% crushed bamboo particles. Metal formwork were developed with the sides designed in such a way as to allow the longitudinal fitting of the panels to each other. This study presents the production process of bamboo particles and the proportioning of mixtures with Portland Cement. Panels were molded in the laboratory and structural and thermal performance tests were carried out. Tests of hard body impact, soft body impact, suspended load, compressive strength and flexural strength were performed on the panels. The thermal performance in a test chamber suitable for this was also studied. The results indicate that the proposed panel presented adequate behavior in all the tests performed, and show that it is possible to develop architectural projects with its use, meeting the minimum performance requirements of the ABNT NBR 15575:2013 standard.