Interação entre sensação e rezão no Teeteto: Uma teoria platônica da senso-percepção

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Melo, Ana Rafaella pereira
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal da Paraíba; Brasil; Filosofia; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia; UFPB
• Palavras-chave em Português: Teeteto; sensibilidade; teoria sensista; conhecimento; percepção; Theaetetus,; sensibility; sensory theory; knowledge; perception; CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/9609

The main objectives of the actual research consist in showing that there is a sense theory developed by Plato from what he considered mistaken in the theses of previous thinkers like Protagoras and Heraclitus, that were considered like truths, bringing in the Theaetetus a detailed evaluation on aspects of sensitivity and knowledge. This sense theory is presented and maintained in the course of the work, so that we can include it in the process towards knowledge, which will be another important point in our investigation. We must, at a first moment, show the authenticity of the sensory theory developed in what we will call the Secret Doctrine, so that later, in the final chapter, we fit such theory into the process toward knowledge. By properly developing these two points, we will conclude that the sensibility can not be discarded in the cognitive process necessary to approach the truth. For this, we will dialogue directly with the work in question to emphasize the necessary aspects of the sense theory of the Secret Doctrine in order to show that it’s complexity is not compatible with the thinking of the nominee thinkers. Detailed aspects, such as slow movements as powers of becoming, rapid movements as pair-formers, sensation quality, momentaneity of sensation, unrepeatability and particularity evident in each of them will be studied in order to highlight the complexity presented by Plato when describing nature of sensitivity. Having shown such complexity, we shall set out for the appointee's own thinkers, namely Protagoras, Heraclitus and Parmenides, and the fragments of his writings which have come down to us, and we shall evaluate the content therein to see if there were the aspects presented by Plato when he explained the functionality of sensible things. Our intention in this part of the research will be to present that there was no such complex investigation of perception and knowledge in the pre-socratics. With this, we will be ready to complete the first stage of the research, granting the sense theory of the Secret Doctrine to Plato himself. Having achieved this success, the research will turn to the phases of the process toward knowledge, examining in it the function of aisthesis. Aisthesis will have refined and become two distinct things in the process, namely, pure sensation and perception, from which the second is always accompanied by discourse and consequently judgment, and this is due to the presence of psyché in this activity. The psyché will be shown in the Theaetetus present in the most primitive sensations and also responsible for the highest reasonings, having begun these calculations and analyzes through the senses, progressing in such a way as to obtain simple results such as whiteness, heat, and also obtaining more complex results Like the beautiful, the different, the equal, until the reaching of entity, which is common to everything and thus will approach the truth. We will suggest a way of knowing that it is not the Forms, given the absence of these in the work, and also based on Franco Trabattoni, which offers us a different view on the possibility of there being three types of knowledge in Plato's thinking and one of them is exactly a process that begins with sensations, passes through the opinion and results in something especially articulated by the psyché. We will evaluate the condition of possibility of this type of knowledge and we will reach a conclusion that will bring us the following situation: man, not being able to discard all his cognitive capacities, and this includes the sensations, will be able to know not infallible knowledge, but what will come closest to it. The sensations, as detailed in the Theaetetus, and thought are together, indispensable tools for knowing human.