A matriz gesto-fala em recontos de histórias por crianças em aquisição: perspectiva narrativa em foco

• Ano de defesa: 2022
• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Fabrício Alexandre da
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso embargado
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal da Paraíba; Brasil; Linguística; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Linguística; UFPB
• Palavras-chave em Português: Não foi possível verificar autoria da elaboração da ficha catalográfica em 21/12/2022; Fala; Gesto; Perspectiva narrativa; Reconto de histórias; Speech; Gesture; Narrative perspective; Story retelling; Habla; Recuento de historias; CNPQ::LINGUISTICA, LETRAS E ARTES::LINGUISTICA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/25745

Speakers gesticulate spontaneously from an early age. In this regard, as it is integrated into the utterances of which it is a part, the gestures used are totally associated with the child's narrative development. From this field of study, we focus on the retellings of a story carried out by two children (3 and 4-year-old) to achieve the general objective of our research: to observe and describe the operation of the gesture-speech system, considering the narrative perspective adopted by these children. Thus, the following specific objectives emerged: (1) to analyze the main events mentioned by the children in the story retelling process, in order to detect and examine the occurrences of supplementary information expressed in viewpoint gestures; (2) to register how the process of alignment and divergence between the modalities (type of speech, gestural point of view and vocal style) occurs in a given narrative perspective; (3) to describe how gestures are performed during the narrations and (4) to carry out a comparative analysis among the quantitative data generated from the observations regarding the participants. This research, classified as a case study, presents a mixed approach (qualitative and quantitative), with a descriptive quality, observational inductive method, applied and exploratory nature, according to the aforementioned objectives. The recordings of the observations were analyzed using the linguistic annotation tool ELAN (EUDICO Linguistic Annotator), version 6.2. We used the controlled vocabulary recommended by Stec (2017) and the transcription standards proposed by Marcuschi (2003) in the qualitative section of the study. Quantitative data were processed in Excel 2013, Origin Pro 2022 and PRAAT 6.1.52 programs. In the first chapters, we present a compendium of two theories of language acquisition that underpinned this study: sociointeractionism and cultural cognitivism. To support the analyzes concerning gestuality, authors such as Kendon (2004), Hostetter and Alibali (2008) and, mainly McNeill (1992, 2005) – due to his assumptions related to the gestural point of view (character, observer, dual) – were of great importance. The fundamentals related to the acquisition of the narrative were discussed based on Bakhtin (2010), Bruner (1977, 1986, 1999, 2001), Girardello (2003), François (2009) and Perroni (1992). The results showed that the gestures used in the retellings performed by the participants work as essential multimodal articulators for the elaboration of the scene to be shown. Regarding the additional information visualized through these gestures, we found that they were extremely recurrent: 75% of frequency concerning Child A and 63.1%, Child B, considering the total gestural movements of the perspective performed by each one of them. We therefore prove the hypothesis that the narrative perspective adopted through gestures in the retelling materializes the inferences made during the reading or listening to the stories. We also proved the hypothesis that the alignment of speech to gesture and speech style clarifies the narrative perspective adopted. In addition, we identified that character viewpoint gestures were used more frequently compared to observer viewpoint gestures and that iconicity was the predominant dimension in the gestures used by children.