Tratamento anaeróbico de resíduos alimentares para produção descentralizada de biogás: contribuições ao ODS 7 da ONU

• Ano de defesa: 2023
• Autor(a) principal: Mello, Sergio Costa de
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal da Paraíba; Brasil; Gerenciamento Ambiental; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente; UFPB
• Palavras-chave em Português: Biogás - Geração Descentralizada; Saneamento Ambiental; Energia limpa e acessível - ODS 7; Environmental sanitation; Biogas; Decentralized generation; SDG 7; Saneamiento ambiental; Generación Descentralizada; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/31616

Food waste compromises significant resources, including extensive agricultural areas, tons of food, and water, besides contributing to greenhouse gas emissions, resulting in serious global socio-environmental impacts. The aim of this thesis, developed in three articles, was to investigate the potential of anaerobic treatment of horticultural food waste generated by the Paraíba Supply and Agricultural Services Company, located in João Pessoa, Paraíba, focusing on promoting environmental sanitation and biogas generation, in line with Sustainable Development Goal 7 of the United Nations. In the first article, research was conducted on the use of biogas in electricity generation in dissertations and theses from the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations, considering the historical periods of biogas in Brazil. The study showed that the Southeast and South regions of Brazil led in the number of publications. In the second article, horticultural food waste produced by the Paraíba Supply and Agricultural Services Company was used for environmentally correct treatment and biogas generation. This study showed that anaerobic digestion was able to promote environmental sanitation, but the use of endogenous digestate did not favor the production of flammable biogas. In the third article, a 1 m³ domestic biodigester was used to acclimatize horticultural food waste, implementing fortnightly digestion cycles with previously acclimatized digestate and biogas recirculation. The unique combination of biogas recirculation and prior acclimatization of digestate in a domestic biodigester, with minimal inoculum dependence, resulted in a daily production of 0.23 to 0.44 m³ of flammable biogas. This thesis highlights the crucial importance of biogas in clean and accessible energy production (UN SDG 7), waste management, female empowerment, combating deforestation, and energy poverty, demonstrating the fundamental role of higher education institutions in Brazil in researching and developing anaerobic digestion technology, aiming to ensure sustainable development at local and national levels.