Fisiologia de cultivares de Sesamumindicum L.: fitohomônios e estresse hídrico

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Feitosa, Selma dos Santos
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal da Paraíba; Brasil; Ciências Fitotecnia e Ciências Ambientais; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia; UFPB
• Palavras-chave em Português: Oleaginosa; Trocas gasosas; Relações hídricas; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/14730

The conditions of climate change bring concern and calls for the need to study the responses of plants in limiting environments to plant development, especially under water stress. The use of phytohormones shown to improve production efficiency of crops under stress conditions. This study comprises home experiments vegetation and field. In the first study aimed to investigate the effects of water stress on Sesamum indicum L. physiological behavior (BRS Seda) when subjected to the suspension of irrigation and application of salicylic acid in experimental design of randomized blocks with five replications in a factorial 4 × 2, four levels of salicylic acid (SA) and two water treatments. At 30 days after emergence (DAE) was applied treatments, hormonal and water stress. Gas exchange and the relative content of leaf water (TRA), were performed on the eighth day after the application of treatments and 48 hours after the resumption of watering. Biweekly was held analysis of growth and the end of the production cycle components. There was significant differences in gas exchange on the eighth day of water stress and after rehydration to the stressor, while the interaction was significant for leaf temperature. Photosynthesis was 70% lower than under suspension of irrigation and as it increased the concentration of AS. The TRA was significant only for the effects of stress on water stress period and the application of AS resulted in smaller plants and leaf area in the treatment under suspension of irrigation. Water stress altered the behavior of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration and leaf temperature. AS did not attenuate the effects of water stress on the Sesamum indicum production components. In the field experiment investigated the physiological responses through the application of benzyladenine (BA) performed under design in a randomized block design with four replications in a factorial 3 × 4, three cultivars of S. indicum (CNPA G3, CNPA G4 and CNPA BRS Seda) and four levels of BA. Fortnightly made to growth analysis, 80 DAE gas exchange and the end of the cycle the production of components, in addition to determining the oil content and energy content of the seeds. We conducted analysis of variance by F test, Tukey test and regression analysis. There was significance to cultivate factor for net photosynthesis, internal CO2 concentration, plant height, diameter and root length. For the number of fruit per plant was no response to treatment where the maximum technical efficiency was estimated to 4.72 mg L-1 BA, corresponding to the minimum number of fruits per plant in CNPA 96.55 G3, which also showed a higher rate collection. Gross energy was affected by the hormonal treatment with maximum technical efficiency of 4.81 mg L-1 benzyladenine corresponding to 682.2 kcal per 100 seeds for the CNPA G3. BA provided less photosynthesis and did not influence the production of components, while increasing gross energy in the seeds. In the absence of the CNPA BA G3 had the highest productivity.