Avaliação da educação em grupo de diabetes mellitus tipo 2: ensaio clínico randomizado

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Maisa Mara Lopes Macêdo
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: Participação do Paciente; Educação em Saúde; Diabetes Mellitus; Autocuidado; Fatores Socioeconômicos; Enfermagem; Questionários; Cooperação do Paciente; Educação de Pacientes como Assunto; Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2; Automonitorização da Glicemia
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/ANDO-AN5K4D

The systematized educational practice in a group, based on the dialogic, exchange of experiences and qualified listening is considered an environment in which the user can express doubts, feelings and complaints, acquiring the confidence and autonomy to consciously make decisions, aiming at the maintenance of the Self-care. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of group education of type 2 diabetes mellitus aimed at adherence and user empowerment for self care practices and improvement of glycemic control. This is a cluster-randomized clinical trial conducted in eight Family Health Strategy Units in the city of Divinópolis - Minas Gerais / Brazil. Each health unit was considered a cluster and was allocated to one of the groups: control (CG) or intervention (GI). This study included 200 users, 78 of the three units of the intervention group and 122 of the five units of the control group. For data collection, the ESM, DES-SF and HbA1c instruments were applied before the beginning of cycle 1 and at the end of the last cycle (cycle 3), by means of telephone contact. The present study comprised the T0, T3 and T6 times, called Cycles 1, 2 and 3, when the users participated in the intervention developed through a group. All educational practice was based on the approach to empowerment based on the Behavior Change Protocol. At the end of the meetings, users were encouraged to develop goals that they considered important for modifying their behavior. The control group participated in the educational practices developed in the routine of the respective health units. In relation to the sample, the mean age was 58.6 years ± 9.2 standard deviations (SD). The majority of users were female (64.5%) and declared to have diabetes for more than five years (n = 134). Regarding marital status, 140 (76.5%) lived with a partner, while 72.2% of the GI and 65.8% of the CG had incomplete elementary education. About the occupation, 44.8% declared themselves inactive. With respect to HbA1c, GI presented a statistically significant difference (p <0.001) before and after intervention, while CG remained the same. Regarding adherence to self-care practices (ESM), we obtained statistically significant results in the comparison of pre and post-education periods in the intervention group and in comparison to the control group. Regarding the empowerment scale (DES-SF), there was a statistically significant increase in the median score after the intervention in both IG and CG (p <0.05). It is concluded that the educational practice developed was able to collaborate with adherence to the self-care practices and empowerment of the participating users, as well as improved glycemic control, evidenced by the reduction of HbA1c.