Condição clínica e imunológica da cavidade bucal de crianças com síndrome congênita associada à infecção pelo vírus Zika

• Ano de defesa: 2023
• Autor(a) principal: Leni Verônica de Oliveira Silva
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Brasil; FAO - DEPARTAMENTO DE CLÍNICA; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: Microcefalia; Zika vírus; Assistência odontológica para pessoas com deficiência; Saúde bucal; Saliva
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/58397; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0336-9359

The objective of this study was to compare the oral condition and immunological parameters of children with congenital syndrome associated with Zika virus infection (CZS), with children with microcephaly non-CZS-associated and normotypic children in a cross-sectional study. In addition, it was intended to synthesize, through a systematic review of the literature, the oral alterations observed in children with CZS and compare with normotypic children. In the systematic review article, electronic searches were performed in five databases, complemented by manual scrutiny and research in gray literature. The data were grouped for quantitative analysis with 95%confidence intervals. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist tools, and the certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADE approach. Twelve observational studies were included. The pooled crude prevalence showed 88% of increased salivation (95%CI: 82%-94%), 52% of abnormal insertion of the upper labial frenum (95%CI: 43%-61%), and 50% of delayed tooth eruption (95%CI: 34%-66%). Compared to normotypic controls, children with CZS-associated microcephaly had a higher chance to have difficulty in lip sealing (OR: 18.28; 95%CI: 1.42-235.91), inadequate lingual posture at rest (OR: 13.57; 95%CI: 4.24-43.44), and delayed eruption (OR: 9.37; 95%CI: 2.03-43.21) with very low certainty. Several oral alterations were found and children with CZS-associated microcephaly were more likely to develop some of them, however, the certainty of this evidence is still very low. The cross-sectional study was carried out with two comparison groups, matched for age and sex. Mothers and children with microcephaly, associated or not with CZS, and normotypic children attended at the School of Dentistry of the UFMG were invited to participate in the research. Snowball sampling was used to expand the initial sample. For data collection, mothers responded to a structured questionnaire on sociodemographic information, medical and dental history of children. An oral examination was also performed to investigate the following conditions: experience of dental caries (dmft/DMFT), quality of oral hygiene (simplified oral hygiene index-SOHI), mucosa alterations, lip sealing, presence of malocclusion, dental anomalies and developmental defects of dental enamel (DDE). Saliva collection to evaluate the immunological/inflammatory parameters of the children's oral cavity was performed using a cotton roller. The collected data will be stored and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science software (SPSS®). A total of 38 children (14 with CZS, eight with non-CZS-associated microcephaly and 16 normotypic) were evaluated. The female was the most frequent (60.5%, n=23) and the average age among them was 4.9 (±1.4; 2-8) years. Absence of lip sealing and malocclusion were the most common findings in children with SCZ when compared to control groups. Together, the data in this study will contribute to the understanding of the oral conditions that children with CZS have or can develop, in order to direct clinical practices and reinforce the incentive to oral health care enabling an improvement in the quality of life of this population.