Tradução e adaptação cultural de protocolo de entrevista motivacional para prevenção da cárie dentária na infância

• Ano de defesa: 2020
• Autor(a) principal: Alessandra Camelo Alves Menezes
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Brasil; ODONTO - FACULDADE DE ODONTOLOGIA; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia em Saúde Pública; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: Entrevista motivacional; Saúde bucal; Cárie dentária; Saúde da criança; Poder familiar
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/34982

Childhood dental caries remains a challenge for Brazilian public health due to the high number of affected teeth, even in primary dentition. Despite the research advances on understanding the risk factors associated with dental caries in this life cycle, the adherence of parents/caregivers to preventive measures, which involve behavioral changes, still needs to be better stimulated by health education approaches. Some studies have highlighted the effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing (MI) in reducing dental caries in early childhood and changing oral health behaviors. MI is a refined style of collaborative, active and patient-centered guidance with special attention to the use of open questions, affirm, reflect and summarize in conversations about changes. The aim of this study was to translate and culturally adapt an MI protocol to the Portuguese language of Brazil, considering the context of oral health care in childhood and its use in Primary Health Care (PHC).The first phase of this study consisted of a literature review on MI protocols, aimed at coping with caries in early childhood. The Weinstein protocol, in English, stood out in this mapping. The instrument's translation methodology followed international guidelines for cross-cultural adaptation: initial translation, back-translation and evaluation by a committee of experts, with an interdisciplinary composition. Nineteen experts evaluated 51 items of the protocol by means of an electronic questionnaire developed and applied by the web tool e-Surv. The Content Validity Index (CVI) was calculated for each item evaluated by the experts. The CVI indicates the proportion of times that all the experts agreed that the item required partial retranslation with few changes and/or did not require retranslation. Items with CVI ≥ 0.75 were considered adequate, which corresponded to 87.9% in the first evaluation round. Items that did not reach this index returned for a second round. A face-to-face workshop was also held to obtain consensus and to verify the comprehension of the instrument. The final Portuguese version of the Weinstein protocol presented 55 open and closed questions, with a systematic script, to standardize and facilitate its application. The present study contributed to providing an understandable instrument, viable to be validated with pre-testing. The technical product consisted of a manual in PDF format, covering the theory and examples of conducting MI; and videos, simulating situations with compatible and incompatible approaches to the spirit of MI. The MI can integrate the work process of the Oral Health and Family Health Teams, in the educational approach of parents/guardians for behavioral change, considering that it is a brief approach with a specific goal and has characteristics that fit within the scope of PHC. In order to effectively use it in PHC, adequate training of the teams is necessary, which can be favored with the use of the technical products developed in this study. In this way, the products generated can contribute to the effectiveness of health promotion and enable better results in oral health care.