Proposição de abordagem para a avaliação do estado de alteração de cursos de água

• Ano de defesa: 2010
• Autor(a) principal: Ana Clara Pereira Barbosa Santos
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: Recursos Hidricos; Meio Ambiente; Saneamento; Hidrologia urbana; Recursos hídricos Desenvolvimento; Impacto ambiental; Engenharia sanitária
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/REPA-8DVHC4

Streams have been modified by human activities for thousands of years and, with the increasing of the environmental awareness, the ability to evaluate their condition has become a necessity, considering the restoration and mitigation processes. Despite that, we couldnt find any regulations able to promote a wide assessment of water streams. Thats why this work aimed to suggest an approach to evaluate changes of any nature in streams in general based on the Tridimensional Theory of Damage by Magalhães (1998) which has its origin in another knowledge field (medicine) and assesses corporal damages in three dimensions: physical, functional, and situational. This theory was adapted to water resources focusing in the analysis of fluvial systems in three analogous dimensions. The physical dimension includes the physic-chemical characteristics of the system treating of its structure and constitution. The functional dimension includes the natural actions of any stream system; which means the collection, transference, evacuation or storage of drained waters and mineral or organic materials proceeding from the superficial erosion, the autodepuration and the support to aquatic or riparian life. Finally the dimension of situation includes those aspects that relate the characteristics of a water course to the characteristics of its environment, considering its uses, vulnerabilities and consequences downstream and upstream. Having the definition of the dimensions in mind, a systematic of evaluation was suggested, with the selection of evaluation parameters and indicators, and scales were established for each one, aiming to guide its analysis. A grade for the state of degradation for each dimension is obtained with the use of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and a final grade is obtained with the establishment of weights for each dimension. The proposed systematic was applied to a case study bringing results coherent with those obtained with the adoption of another method of evaluation. The application itself was simple and allowed a good understanding of the fluvial system