Do estatal à política: uma análise psicopolítica das relações entre o estado e os movimentos de juventude e LGBT no Brasil (2003-2010)

• Ano de defesa: 2013
• Autor(a) principal: Frederico Viana Machado
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: Movimentos sociais de juventude; Identidade coletiva; Psicologia social e política; Movimentos sociais GLBT; Estado; Psicologia social; Identidade; Psicologia; Movimentos sociais
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUOS-96UFVQ

This research investigates the relationship between social movements and the Brazilian state, focusing on ways in which governmental discourse has affected the collective identities of social movements and political actors. To understand our topic, we investigated social interactions between governmental and nongovernmental actors along three analytical axes: 1) equality / difference, 2) change / stability, and 3) conflict / consensus. The conceptual and epistemological foundation of this research is based on the theoretical framework developed by Jacques Rancière, and the plural and radical democratic theory of Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe. We integrated perspectives from authors of distinct traditions of thought in an effort to evade an overly abstracted view of political phenomena. In so doing, we were better able to explore the concrete interactional aspects that developed between the structure of political opportunities and the creation of collective identities. We privileged qualitative methods, such as semi-structured and unstructured interviews, document analysis, and field observation. We analyzed interviews with militants and former militants stationed in the federal administration as well as state and municipal governments in the cities of Belo Horizonte and Rio de Janeiro. Our method of analysis was Sociological Analysis of Discourse System. The focus of our research is organized around policies and actors in the field of youth and LGBT movements. The themes and categories that emerged from documents and interviews are organized into two major areas of investigation. The discourse of participationism considers the sentiments and ambiguities involved in civic participation with government. The identity differentialism discourse maps the field of identifications that positioned actors in the political arena, engendering negotiations and discursive strategies related to processes of (in)differentiation. These discourses offer tools for analyzing the social interactions among collective actors in participatory institutional spaces. They also aid our understanding of contemporary ways in which politicians affect the cohesion of social movements and organized civil society groups, in particular, and political actors in general. In the sphere of civil society, we identify the development of hierarchies among organized groups. We witness ways in which monopolies over identities and narratives extend to monopolies of opportunity, providing privileged resource acquisition and political opportunities to those more fluent in the language of policy as set by political institutions. In the governmental sphere we notice a thematic fragmentation in discursive and organizational structure. This pattern decreases the states chances to effectively respond to the demands of social movements, meanwhile handing greater responsibility to civil society amid growing challenges. This analysis teaches us that social movements must not lose their creative potential, and should continually seek ways to collectively reinvent forms of operating outside the realms of governmental and institutional authority.