Homogeneização biótica em ambientes aquáticos continentais

• Ano de defesa: 2018
• Autor(a) principal: Petsch, Danielle Katharine
• Orientador(a): Melo, Adriano Sanches
• Banca de defesa: Melo, Adriano Sanches, Bortolini, Jascieli Carla, Carvalho, Priscilla de, Dias, Murilo Sversut, Roque, Fábio de Oliveira
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Goiás
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Evolução (ICB)
• Departamento: Instituto de Ciências Biológicas - ICB (RG)
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Diversidade beta; Hábitats simples; Planície de inundação; Uso do solo; Homogeneização funcional; Riachos; Meta-análise
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Beta diversity; Habitat simplification; Floodplain; Land use
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8362

The increase in similarity among communities is a process known as biotic homogenization. In freshwater ecosystems, biotic homogenization may be promoted by different natural (e.g. flood pulse) and human (e.g. land use) causes. In the first chapter, I reviewed the main causes and consequences of freshwater homogenization. In the second chapter, using an experimental approach, I showed that habitat simplification may cause homogenization of periphytic algae, but the results depended on how dissimilarity was estimated. In the third chapter, using zooplankton and macrophytes data, I showed that floods homogenized individual lakes across time but did not make the lakes spatially more similar. In the fourth chapter, I demonstrated that taxonomic beta diversity of aquatic insects was higher among tropical streams but functional beta diversity was higher among boreal streams. The increase of environmental harshness and decrease of environmental heterogeneity did not cause taxonomic or functional homogenization of aquatic insects among tropical or boreal streams. Finally, in the fifth chapter, I found in a meta-analysis that human modified streams have low species richness and equitability, although a distinct species composition regarding to reference streams. However, land-use changes did not cause biotic homogenization. Although the effects of possible biotic homogenization causes are still controversy, we recommend that biodiversity studies should include beta diversity to better understand mechanisms structuring communities under pressure of human or natural disturbances.