Detalhes bibliográficos
| Ano de defesa: |
2013 |
| Autor(a) principal: |
Bilego, Ubirajara Oliveira
 |
| Orientador(a): |
Meirinhos, Maria Lúcia G. |
| Banca de defesa: |
Meirinhos, Maria Lúcia G.,
Malaquias Junior, João Darós,
Leão, Karen Martins,
Oliveira Filho, Benedito Dias de,
Lopes, Dyomar Toledo |
| Tipo de documento: |
Tese
|
| Tipo de acesso: |
Acesso aberto |
| Idioma: |
por |
| Instituição de defesa: |
Universidade Federal de Goiás
|
| Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal (EVZ)
|
| Departamento: |
Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia - EVZ (RG)
|
| País: |
Brasil
|
| Palavras-chave em Português: |
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| Palavras-chave em Inglês: |
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| Área do conhecimento CNPq: |
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| Link de acesso: |
http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/3798
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Resumo: |
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of environmental characteristics on production and milk composition and reproductive activity of primiparous Holstein (PC) race. The experiments were carried out in the Rio whiting, located in Rio Verde, Goiás state Southwest region of the city has two well-defined periods, the rainy season (PCh) (October to April) and dry (PS) (May to September). In the first experiment aimed to evaluate environmental factors such as temperature, relative humidity (RH) and rainfall to estimate Temperature and Humidity Index (THI) in two seasons. The experimental period included the PW during the months of January to April 2011 and the PS to the months of May to August 2012. Through the climate data we calculated the (UTI) by the formula described in NRC (1971). The results showed differences in the variables, minimum, average temperature RH, precipitation and ITU, with higher values for PW. In the second experiment, we used 72 primiparous cows of Holstein breed (PC), aged 24 to 30 months, divided into two experimental groups, with 36 in the PS group and 36 in the PW group. We evaluated the yield and the content of fat, protein, total solids (EST) and defatted (ESD) and milk urea nitrogen (MUN). The experimental design was completely randomized in two periods of measurements (rainy and dry season). There were no differences between the dry and rainy periods for milk production. The values of proximate composition of milk were all different between periods. Values of fat, protein, EST and ESD were higher (P ˂ 0.01) during the dry period. The warmer and more humid the year (PW) time had a direct effect on milk composition of primiparous Holstein evaluated. In experiment III, evaluated the effects of seasonality on ovarian structure and uterine involution in primiparous Holstein (PC). We used 72 primiparous cows , aged 24 to 30 months , divided into two experimental groups , with 36 in the PS group and 36 in the PW group. The gynecological exams started from 20 to 25 days postpartum and followed weekly until there were two repeated readings of the size and symmetry of the uterus or of estrus. We used vaginoscópio and ultrasound apparatus for uterine and ovarian reviews. The uterus was evaluated for soundness, size, disposition and presence of content. The ovaries were evaluated for size, presence of follicles, size of follicles, presence and size of corpora lutea. There were differences in the average size of follicles and corpora lutea between the PS and PCh, with smaller follicular and luteal averages in PS. The size of the uterus did not differ at the time of the complete uterine involution. Cows in PS showed the most closed at the time of the assessment and uterine horns closer to the complete symmetry cervical canal. It was concluded that primiparous Holstein, the management reviews take longer to complete uterine involution in PW than in PS. |
