Perfil soroepidemiológico da infecção pelo vírus da Hepatite B em pacientes e profissionais de hemodiálise no estado do Tocantins

• Ano de defesa: 2003
• Autor(a) principal: Souza, Karla Prado de
• Orientador(a): Martins, Regina Maria Bringel
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Goiás
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Tropical e Saúde Publica (IPTSP)
• Departamento: Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública - IPTSP (RG)
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Hepatite B; Hemodiálise; Prevalência; Fatores de risco
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Hepatitis B; Hemodialysis; Prevalence; Risk factors
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::MICROBIOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4633

A survey was conducted in the hemodialysis population of Tocantins state, Brazil, aiming to assess the prevalence of hepatitis B vírus (HBV) infection, to analyze associated risk factors, and also to investigate this vírus subtypes and genotypes distribution. All patients (n=100) and staff (n=20) were interviewed in the dialysis unit in Araguaína city. Blood samples were collected and serum samples screened for HBV serological markers by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive samples were tested for DNA-HBV by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and also for serological subtyping of HBsAg by ELISA. Na overall prevalence of 45% (CI 95%: 35.5-54.8) was found for HBV infection in patients (4% were HBsAg/anti-HBs positive, 2% anti-HBc only and 39% had anti-HBc/anti-HBs markers). Among the 20 staff members, a HBV prevalence of 15% was found (3 were anti-HBc positive). Univariate analysis of risk factors to HBV infection showed that only shift of hemodialysis was associated with HBV positivity in patients. Among the 4 HBsAg-positive smaples, DNA-HBV was detected in 3 samples, which were identified as genotype A by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, and one of them could be subtyped as adw2. The present data show a low HBsAg prevalence rate. The finding that shift of hemodialysis was associated with HBV positivity suggests that nosocomial transmission may play a role in the spread of this vírus in the dialysis unit studied.