Territorialidades ambivalentes: a luta dos Tupinikim e dos Guarani frente à monocultura de eucalipto no ES

• Ano de defesa: 2008
• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira Junior, Adilson Pereira de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Programa de Pós-graduação em Geografia; Ordenamento territorial e ambiental
• Palavras-chave em Português: Geografia; Territorialidade; Território; Povos indígenas; Eucalipto; Monocultura; Ancestralidade; CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::GEOCIENCIAS::GEOGRAFIA FISICA
• Link de acesso: https://app.uff.br/riuff/handle/1/18382

Until the first half of the 20 century, the Tupinikim people kept their way of life, living disperse in a vast territory (approximately forty thousand hectares) at the north of the Espírito Santo State. At that time, their way of life was based on fishing, hunting, catch of shellfish, catch of products from the forest, growing crops and confection and sale of handcrafts. But, at that moment, they were invisible for the governmental indigenous politics. At the end of the 1960's, two news actors installed themselves on the region, bringing opposite experiences to the Tupinikim people. At one side, a big company of cellulose trying to expand their activities to the tropical regions and finding ideal circumstances at Espírito Santo. With the connivance of the federal (dictatorial), state and municipal governments, including their oligarchies, in few years the company got almost all the Tupinikim territory, using several methods to do it. At the other side, a Guarani-Mbyá group, following the xamanic orientation (one of their main spirituals leadership) was looking for the Land without Ills, which was revealed in dreams. They brought their culture - which was not so influenced by the Western impositions - and also the necessary force to help the Tupinikim fight for their territory. This dissertation wants to identify the transformations in the territorial practices and investigates how these changes are used by the indigenous as a reference to the fight. Finally, from the representations formed through this process and the strategies used by the different parts of the conflict, it s possible to identify - after the reconquering of the territory - which perspectives are opened for the indigenous. This research is based on fieldwork that took place in five of the seven indigenous villages in conflict, over the period of two months.