Metáforas em tempos de crise : os discursos de Franklin Roosevelt e Barack Obama

• Ano de defesa: 2010
• Autor(a) principal: Mendes, Cristiane Craveiro de Azeredo
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Programa de Pós-graduação em Letras; letras
• Palavras-chave em Português: Metáfora; Análise do discurso; Discurso político; Roosevelt, Franklin D., 1882-1945; Obama, Barack, 1961-; Metaphor; Analysis of speechs; Political speech; CNPQ::LINGUISTICA, LETRAS E ARTES::LETRAS
• Link de acesso: https://app.uff.br/riuff/handle/1/19046

This dissertation aims at investigating the metaphoricity in the inaugural speech of two North- American presidents: Franklin Roosevelt and Barack Obama. Given that both politicians come from a democrat background, besides sharing a delicate economical situation in their country when taking the pledge, in 1933 and 2009 respectively, it has become essential to analyze the variable audience/place/time in its relationship with the figurativity in the discursive process. This has determined as the other object of this study the strategies applied to convey reliability to millions of Americans and to ask the population for support, through the analysis of the metaphors chosen for these political leaders´ speeches. In order to explore these issues systematically, this study is based on distinct, but rather related theories over metaphor, focusing mostly on the principles of the socio-cognitive theory (LAKOFF, JOHNSON, [1980]2002; LAKOFF, TURNER, 1999), the relationship between metaphor and culture (KÖVECSES, 2002, 2005, 2007), with persuasion and ideology (CHARTERIZ-BLACK, 2004; GOATLY, 2007; LAKOFF, 1996), as well as with discourse (CAMERON, 2008; CHARTERIZ-BLACK, 2005; MUSOLFF, 2004; SEMINO, 2008; VEREZA, 2007). The study attempts at combining the metaphor perspectives with the tradition of the study of rhetoric, based on the Aristotelic perspective of the audience. The methodology adopted for the corpus is based on the qualitative paradigm, once it intends to investigate the socio-cognitive nature of the metaphors found in the corpora, in which the amount of metaphors is not relevant. Nevertheless, Corpus Linguistics has given a brief but important contribution in the initial stage of the analysis, given that the compilation of the most frequent words in the speeches has helped determine the nature of their metaphorical content. The study has shown the urgency of a crisis in different socio-economic moments of the American history has facilitated the constitution of the leadership styles that both Roosevelt and Obama aimed at building to gain adherence among the population, when delivering their first speeches as presidents. We have defended, in this dissertation, that the metaphorical content of their speeches, remarkable for their linguistic metaphors, organized under systematic metaphors or metaphor niches, sometimes revealing underlying conceptual metaphors, frames or cenarios, plays a decisive role as a rhetoric resource. As for Roosevelt´s speech, it has been noticed that he assumes the position of a leader in the presence of his troop, in service of the country against the crisis, while Obama places himself as a brother, a member of a huge brotherhood, that would face the crisis together. It has been possible to come to the conclusion that these postures before the population reveal distinct models of the NATION as a FAMILY, which correspond to different ideological perspectives underlying their speeches.