IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE ESPÉCIES ACUMULADORAS DE ALUMÍNIO EM FORMAÇÃO FLORESTAL INUNDÁVEL DA RESTINGA: ANÁLISE QUÍMICA, HISTOQUÍMICA E ANATÔMICA.

• Ano de defesa: 2021
• Autor(a) principal: Reis, Fernanda Bonini dos
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BR; Mestrado em Biologia Vegetal; Centro de Ciências Humanas e Naturais; UFES; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal
• Palavras-chave em Português: Al³+; floresta; Melastomataceae; Sapotaceae; Theaceae; subject.br-rjbn; Agronomia
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/15027

The acidity of soils, composed mainly of aluminosilicate minerals is a natural condition in tropical regions. Soils with a pH value to 5.0 greatly affect Al3+ availability, a phytotoxic form for some species. High concentrations of Al3+ are found in the Floodable Forest, a restinga´s phytophysiognomy type to belonging to the Atlantic tropical forest. Some plant species adapted to acidic soils develop aluminum exclusion or tolerance mechanisms (accumulators). This study aimed to investigate whether woody species occurring in the restinga Floodable Forest of the Paulo César Vinha State Park, Guarapari - ES are aluminum accumulators; quantify and verify the main sites of storage of this element and describe the leaf and stem anatomy of the accumulating species. For this purpose, the accumulating species were identified through quantification of Al content in leaves and stems of 28 species belonging to 24 families. For the histolocalization of Al, cross sections of leaves (limb and petiole) and stems (primary and secondary structure) of fresh material were tested with chrome azurol S. The anatomical and histochemical characterization of the accumulating species was performed according to techniques of plant anatomy. The chemical analyzes revealed that the greatest aluminum accumulation occurred preferentially in the leaves in relation to the stems. Among the species evaluated, Miconia sp.1, Miconia sp.2 and Laplacea fruticosa were identified as Al accumulators. Although Pouteria cuspidata did not show Al content up to 1000 mg/kg- ¹ of leaf dry mass, this species showed high content of Al in latex (4991 mg/kg- ¹), that's why we included this species in the other accumulators. Histochemical analysis showed that Al was found predominantly impregnating cell walls, and may also accumulate in the content of some cells. The presence of Al in lignified cells was not very common, but in P. cuspidata and Miconia sp.1 was observed occurred accumulation in vessel elements in the process of differentiation and in the inner wall of gelatinous fibers, respectively. It is concluded that the four Al-accumulating woody species do not follow a pattern of compartmentalization in leaves and stems, not even for species of the same genus. In Miconia, aluminum occurs in the same sites of accumulation of phenolic compounds, and deserves further studies in order to understand the relationship between these two elements.